linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
7 s  R3 V3 C5 P      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
' i. |. b  H8 o5 A; ]  n3 K$ y      ...

1. df -k
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2. df -lh
   
3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
   

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
# h5 G! f) `$ Z( I# D7 A    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
# V6 Y7 l: J( ]# r) j    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
4 t4 g5 f4 T5 {% l- o! l    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用
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1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
1 G3 I7 {1 A0 w5 R+ J9 c    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
    content won't be recoverable.
6 x: P+ R! G: P; D! |    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
) n) j6 C' L. M8 B    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
1 [6 Y) C1 `, o& _  V/ Z& s( ^    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
* B( a! h, f4 N  ^6 q    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
# G5 U$ c$ }% ~" B& @. ^5 I0 s& l    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
4 F9 a. n. b' _, W( r! V    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
! Z8 t' l5 t/ u& R    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
# E. m1 _( O" P1 p. l       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    Command (m for help): m
) V& _* `; q4 G& l6 ~1 K( H' B    Command action
       a   toggle a bootable flag
- e. X9 I+ o  ]' h# H& K2 [  u+ h6 y       b   edit bsd disklabel
' l7 n) V2 L4 }& a3 ~       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
" Y' `1 s& f& _0 l- |: m) b       d   delete a partition
# z2 w$ g" B: w       l   list known partition types
3 R8 V- K5 f+ K/ [' K" y5 i! {       m   print this menu
       n   add a new partition
       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
       p   print the partition table
" E' Q8 x- a' m       q   quit without saving changes
       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
' Y" H, F5 R4 J6 d- A1 e7 O5 ~9 ~       t   change a partition's system id
       u   change display/entry units
: c0 h1 C  Y0 K/ T$ P       v   verify the partition table
8 }# v( y. a+ D! H$ F  s6 K       w   write table to disk and exit
; S+ l! m4 y; y* o# t- }       x   extra functionality (experts only)
- w8 C6 G9 J! s6 X; O6 I3 @7 y( D! j    Command (m for help): n
    Command action
       e   extended
) q" O7 ]" T4 S' G* Y5 e       p   primary partition (1-4)
: q6 l8 Z" _8 L) n6 E, }/ ?    p
4 H. x2 X* O6 z1 h    Partition number (1-4): 1
0 M- E( v1 D& {5 B, E6 f    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
2 t3 A1 J% V  I6 _/ V8 f$ N5 J' p    Using default value 1
+ j1 r8 M/ T- @/ t, K' s    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
' Q9 x9 J0 r  }" C8 ]    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
    Command (m for help): w
    The partition table has been altered!
    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    Syncing disks.
    //格式化新分区

1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
    Filesystem label=
. J( L& q% S+ O: y    OS type: Linux
% N3 q+ G% V1 g; H' N( l    Block size=1024 (log=0)
    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
/ N3 _6 d( |- l, L    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
    First data block=1
    62 block groups
    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
    2040 inodes per group
. M* L, G9 Z6 o- B# U    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
2 A0 w7 n3 Q8 d) f/ v3 M5 M    Writing inode tables: done                           
    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
0 T8 L4 u: U, K" r8 j    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
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1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    //挂上新分区

1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
   + B8 ~7 m, N: b- [
2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
* P2 j% I  `( f" P2 T    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
1 S4 u6 P4 M8 E$ z/ }, L    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home
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( y; C6 e! ?: |7 P) B* p, @自动挂载：

1.           vi /etc/fstab
   
2. 
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3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
   
4. 
   $ y: n, `; @& ^; e! [$ r
5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：

1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
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2. 
   
3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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