linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
0 z0 Z5 [+ o! D' `      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
/ r5 x$ I" I- h( k0 H& D+ g      ...
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1. df -k
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2. df -lh
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3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
  a* j" `& C; x% B    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用

1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
  ]& I6 x8 H, ^  x: o5 N' j" A! Y6 ~    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
3 z: l5 B5 m) r; @; L* N    content won't be recoverable.
( v4 w7 O6 n2 ?) ~8 n8 M    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
3 `8 n8 |5 s2 q+ r  |- W/ V4 L$ H- y    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
# v. s0 _0 m. u- f2 ^( N       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
5 ?0 P3 l9 U5 x, E+ p/ ?: g    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
# Y4 g' {" x' d, \    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
. b2 t, X( a3 R       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    Command (m for help): m
    Command action
& G+ h, ^- w0 b. W* ~       a   toggle a bootable flag
       b   edit bsd disklabel
       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
) V8 ]; a6 d2 Y, ?/ j# b% P  |       d   delete a partition
       l   list known partition types
9 V  o! g( _( x7 ~0 W+ p       m   print this menu
       n   add a new partition
       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
       p   print the partition table
       q   quit without saving changes
       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
" Z/ x0 H! o0 ~3 I- T- `! I# s5 V       t   change a partition's system id
" G5 E5 ]$ k, c" B$ s" W# r       u   change display/entry units
, g2 f8 o; J1 m: r$ N# z( I4 d       v   verify the partition table
       w   write table to disk and exit
$ y8 t; q8 U& K- t$ x9 `2 H+ w! D       x   extra functionality (experts only)
    Command (m for help): n
; F2 T) F* G" a( Q  d, j" N" y    Command action
- w* P8 O6 x/ c, {) A       e   extended
) l3 ^. D& U; P9 t2 K       p   primary partition (1-4)
8 Z4 C1 o2 M4 s2 W( f1 @9 g    p
    Partition number (1-4): 1
/ q' G+ c" {6 o  r$ _1 k) ]& F    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
$ J5 P: ?5 G0 `3 U) x8 w6 ?% y' m& ?    Using default value 1
    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
; e' A/ n% c+ w8 ]       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
3 _( \. S9 o# N+ b; v    Command (m for help): w
9 Q1 i9 @% D$ r8 k    The partition table has been altered!
    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    Syncing disks.
    //格式化新分区

1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
    Filesystem label=
    OS type: Linux
* j' N7 C- C: d" t6 `6 e    Block size=1024 (log=0)
    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
. K! z9 e& k7 Q/ ~- Q/ L    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
    First data block=1
    62 block groups
3 ~9 P. }) n6 J: w9 j( v+ M7 b4 A    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
    2040 inodes per group
    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
" S* C+ J' g% ~1 |: T, t            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
    Writing inode tables: done                           
0 C" T! \' I$ H2 g) d    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
0 H2 e7 a$ b* V9 {    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
5 v, T) q( K/ x: G" T, E    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
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1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
* @; I9 [/ l7 B  Y4 M    //挂上新分区

1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
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2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
* P. ]) v5 G2 x; d4 o    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
3 o: s( O* |4 u4 K    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
! o+ W8 C6 ?% W) `) Q    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home
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: i4 z2 m! O: R% B2 n自动挂载：
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1.           vi /etc/fstab
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2. 
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3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
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4. 
   
5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：

1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
   
2. 
   
3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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