linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
0 {: T* V: {0 N9 F4 k      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
0 S7 [' l3 o6 F$ l7 ^! }8 u      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
0 l+ z" o8 m4 q+ C- I, |5 [      ...
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1. df -k
   
2. df -lh
   
3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
   ) N: I$ ]" [3 a; C+ q- p- O

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
1 X: ^$ P, z( g9 m    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
/ X+ W! _* j! H4 x5 I    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用

1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
0 ]7 e* H. @# j* H% `- ]" z8 A    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
" h. X' @7 d& m' [! \    content won't be recoverable.
    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
+ N# H) E7 @5 _$ C! q1 U- B    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
; W' e, A& V/ q# a4 T; t& O    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
, d. m" l0 G0 e; v! E( e    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
  n3 [5 z4 \0 @% C4 m    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
2 A/ B  T) ^5 S: T! }" |; q' ?0 `    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
0 a" e6 I6 }5 d# v2 F" L) j6 [       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    Command (m for help): m
    Command action
       a   toggle a bootable flag
       b   edit bsd disklabel
       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
       d   delete a partition
       l   list known partition types
       m   print this menu
       n   add a new partition
       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
$ c- }/ S7 D& [$ |4 q9 e$ {6 P       p   print the partition table
       q   quit without saving changes
* Q4 Q. s* A, Z' F3 |; ~" q& {       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
0 k+ A/ A7 h  Q1 ^       t   change a partition's system id
. n8 t" P8 Z6 g* ~, |+ Z5 Z       u   change display/entry units
5 R) I6 `7 B- d: G       v   verify the partition table
* u* S* O! Y# a. K1 x; T2 u2 d. l       w   write table to disk and exit
/ q+ d1 ^3 l* J! }       x   extra functionality (experts only)
    Command (m for help): n
. J( y( m' a: r9 e/ s8 q    Command action
       e   extended
% k/ k! C. X0 n. i; t) U8 Y       p   primary partition (1-4)
    p
    Partition number (1-4): 1
    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
- y6 b( }4 F. W9 M    Using default value 1
    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
( ]; K  c" }) s" h$ N& {7 @2 R    Command (m for help): p
  j7 h. ~) b: X    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
" T  x3 n; n8 `1 l+ ~    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
. N4 U6 q- N+ E3 z; w4 a    Command (m for help): w
) t2 ]7 h$ ?2 U9 W    The partition table has been altered!
' N' T+ q/ R4 m  @6 W5 Z0 g( v3 H    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    Syncing disks.
    //格式化新分区

1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
    Filesystem label=
, O" _# @2 _# G- L* J1 z    OS type: Linux
    Block size=1024 (log=0)
    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
- H( h5 v- D' S    First data block=1
    62 block groups
+ l% l$ q7 D$ b( z. k: c% A    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
    2040 inodes per group
    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
( I& {0 a3 I$ b' `7 E! \            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
    Writing inode tables: done                           
    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
6 R6 _2 G4 y4 u9 t5 r# `0 B    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
+ B; X9 j: ^6 L( ]7 A* U- G    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    //挂上新分区
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1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
   & o/ i: q4 _& k
2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
" j) Y$ g8 Z: {& C! ~    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
4 M& V% _; Z) ~* t9 A    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home
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' v1 p4 y# z/ f+ u自动挂载：

1.           vi /etc/fstab
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2. 
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3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
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4. 
   
5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：

1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
   
2. 
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3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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