linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
  q. G- X2 D  r5 z9 ~      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
      ...
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1. df -k
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2. df -lh
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3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
- ]& z2 V; I. Z    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用
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1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
; @& F4 i0 m6 ?    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
& p# Y2 c) t$ D! A" Q    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
    content won't be recoverable.
    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
' y* }/ d( M$ n! W' b    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
0 B* }- n6 T1 T0 y3 l7 K: T/ k& j    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
; b. {, p3 z- t    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
- ^2 v: b( X7 b* l4 f1 W0 |    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
# k) |6 z- W: }9 e. n    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    Command (m for help): m
; I4 N, e3 q* Y    Command action
7 @4 p- h2 o$ A- z; l       a   toggle a bootable flag
* C/ a1 ^# h+ `# D7 \4 B       b   edit bsd disklabel
% D" |8 u3 z0 x$ ]0 i' q+ p       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
- q/ c3 G- H! ?# W       d   delete a partition
       l   list known partition types
       m   print this menu
       n   add a new partition
3 b3 @, x0 \0 b  T" m; r) o3 J       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
       p   print the partition table
       q   quit without saving changes
; i2 |. l- f1 J4 e0 v2 w4 i" w       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
       t   change a partition's system id
7 T# M4 [; X9 u' I3 E; {- M       u   change display/entry units
/ {; _. ^7 `( R; ?7 H8 v       v   verify the partition table
       w   write table to disk and exit
/ E7 Y# m+ K: G0 [       x   extra functionality (experts only)
    Command (m for help): n
1 a/ N& f1 b, v$ j    Command action
" j5 X8 ?- r* L8 i4 G! ?( J       e   extended
       p   primary partition (1-4)
    p
4 f1 \; x% N. a# f    Partition number (1-4): 1
    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
    Using default value 1
% W3 d5 p. Q6 _' W    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
    Command (m for help): p
; c8 E- E$ w* t& ?6 c, [7 B    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
( s( [  f5 q9 u. |+ W+ x1 N    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
. L) t0 B8 }# X' Z2 x( x    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
( h; `5 X- Y+ h$ K1 w/ y) C) B    Command (m for help): w
    The partition table has been altered!
    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    Syncing disks.
    //格式化新分区

1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
3 i/ f7 K; ?+ F+ C) V, h5 F" i    Filesystem label=
    OS type: Linux
    Block size=1024 (log=0)
    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
! L( h& |: S0 a/ |! F9 |    First data block=1
. N5 `9 Z: b7 f    62 block groups
- k* `$ n& O$ ~% w" f5 V$ F    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
1 O7 Y6 H% G! g- {3 _  B7 R5 b( w    2040 inodes per group
    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
( X$ \& S( |2 ?1 U3 K, l* O            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
    Writing inode tables: done                           
  r; v9 F" x6 \' }1 n( E/ m2 F    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
) K8 x( X. I3 ~    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
% d; M& v, G+ l: \: N* W    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
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1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
8 F; ^6 ?$ u/ Z* {2 E0 M    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    //挂上新分区
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1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
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2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home

: g9 I" r) m; Y) p- c自动挂载：
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1.           vi /etc/fstab
   
2. 
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3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
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4. 
   
5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：

1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
   
2. 
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3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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