linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
8 q  m  _& W) k2 w: M      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
      ...

1. df -k
   
2. df -lh
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3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
   

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
  `% ]6 h/ g2 v/ Z2 u& ^7 Q/ }$ o    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
7 I; r4 A7 g) `+ T9 B; Z# U" {) D    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用
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1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
) t6 c: C/ D. @( X4 P    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
    content won't be recoverable.
    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
6 v. g$ }, @5 b' v+ I( N' v    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
% h! g- {" l8 M% M* `' K$ g9 u  @4 G2 |    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
  F% H- d* `/ b" n# ]    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    Command (m for help): m
    Command action
       a   toggle a bootable flag
& l+ ]$ J- J: P& W" S* n0 u7 B       b   edit bsd disklabel
0 X/ m8 _: e6 b       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
       d   delete a partition
' {) c% n" y* y0 f: _       l   list known partition types
       m   print this menu
       n   add a new partition
3 G( x$ }- x9 l: v$ c       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
       p   print the partition table
       q   quit without saving changes
# ?: m4 H5 c: e# _$ J% d' c! p+ J       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
       t   change a partition's system id
       u   change display/entry units
       v   verify the partition table
2 d$ d& w  M4 @  w' z       w   write table to disk and exit
       x   extra functionality (experts only)
    Command (m for help): n
1 n1 v1 f! C6 r  E    Command action
       e   extended
( Z2 e  b$ D: ?       p   primary partition (1-4)
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# a6 l! S) H: i% `4 }* n0 q    Partition number (1-4): 1
1 P1 w% B) u. k    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
    Using default value 1
    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
$ Z2 G! d9 P4 S+ ~$ g4 G5 M    Command (m for help): p
2 ^1 G- z/ z- P% ?! J    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
1 U7 P# l/ Y) M' m    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
' C& I' G( n% ^2 u1 Y  J    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
- M% r2 Q& J- {4 V$ P    Command (m for help): w
    The partition table has been altered!
    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    Syncing disks.
    //格式化新分区
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1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
& r3 L: i: M' r; M. c, K    Filesystem label=
    OS type: Linux
! O) r5 {  @' }3 I' H    Block size=1024 (log=0)
! [5 ~6 W. B1 o& w# z6 B1 u$ \7 ^    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
/ ]$ i3 P* C* R% r    First data block=1
    62 block groups
    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
7 R, }3 n9 a2 _! n" w1 a    2040 inodes per group
" T3 W' D# \+ r9 @1 S8 {* y' ?    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
, ~) _# x( L1 C            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
    Writing inode tables: done                           
3 `% U, ?) i0 ?" F) U3 E( N; t    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
: u! f# C" t2 w0 v$ P/ f6 w    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
7 s2 ~  A# w1 v2 u5 ^) h    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    //挂上新分区
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1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
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2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
+ C; c& D) S2 w$ t    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
) e  \# x! [4 a& P    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
! z5 D* t: f& @% `5 T9 A    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home
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自动挂载：

1.           vi /etc/fstab
   
2. 
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3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
   
4. 
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5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：
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1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
   
2. 
   
3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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