linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
) S! t$ g9 V9 A  ]; X" {      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
& b" }7 i; c: |# x7 q      ...
. [' g! {6 Q# ^

1. df -k
   
2. df -lh
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3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
   

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
8 B. V' _2 Y7 ^    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
8 k1 d0 D; |* |& l, G4 u7 ?    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
7 ^4 P3 ]! S- s! V  E5 Z6 e# F    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用

1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
! o9 d6 p% t+ E  Z& Z    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
2 {0 H& \$ y6 i& n( ^    content won't be recoverable.
2 Q8 y8 k  W  I4 w, V    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
0 z& M# J9 k5 E& u0 m5 |    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
, }' N, B% P7 c! \" J& f% |/ v    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
8 x5 Z# R( M; B0 r. i5 v& _  y    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
2 h& ]4 ~9 S4 C    Command (m for help): p
/ J* j4 t- Q% v# I' T- x    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
  F+ _' x  ]. Q  B    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
& ?* t8 Y3 [- ?% J    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
4 M. l0 [- Q" T) \! Q) A       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
3 Y7 H# M8 V4 C* i) ?    Command (m for help): m
- j/ ^8 M; N0 J$ v  r. g. ~    Command action
7 j0 o1 p- g' u; u       a   toggle a bootable flag
3 {$ R! N* B$ C2 @/ q1 E       b   edit bsd disklabel
# P: Y6 l  B/ k8 \5 u% X       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
# F0 ?' z) N0 |5 {/ g, r2 N0 Q( H       d   delete a partition
       l   list known partition types
       m   print this menu
/ u+ c) F# j% x. s       n   add a new partition
       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
       p   print the partition table
6 w3 i) p! ]0 f" v7 N# y- `       q   quit without saving changes
       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
       t   change a partition's system id
       u   change display/entry units
. Y6 p, p! Y5 {, H/ s       v   verify the partition table
       w   write table to disk and exit
       x   extra functionality (experts only)
* f: b& K' w$ u' h- I6 I; N$ d" w$ c    Command (m for help): n
- R# K, z3 Z# P. C    Command action
       e   extended
$ D/ W) \& i7 l/ a+ d1 j3 B) d       p   primary partition (1-4)
    p
& Z* a' ^  f6 [% y9 I" \( F' w; E    Partition number (1-4): 1
    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
    Using default value 1
* \: a! g6 v4 z2 q    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
, O& Z. j' D" y9 T9 C: v: k' [    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
+ p; D$ a: b0 |6 F    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
$ Y; d5 ]+ i, s: Z       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
    Command (m for help): w
    The partition table has been altered!
+ a) K6 u! i+ T- e    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
2 {+ n* L. C. h+ G    Syncing disks.
6 b7 ]% F# ^+ Q% [    //格式化新分区

1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
    Filesystem label=
    OS type: Linux
    Block size=1024 (log=0)
    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
! T! F2 R2 J4 }5 y9 W    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
8 E' d& C, N7 r# s3 k. v* o    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
    First data block=1
% C! R" T/ Y% ?, W4 r    62 block groups
% l. W. W" v  |0 C    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
    2040 inodes per group
    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
- B; Z( V1 Q  z9 b% u            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
    Writing inode tables: done                           
5 _: M9 w( A+ F0 G; m    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
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1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
. ^# \% t9 b5 ^    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    //挂上新分区

1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
   ! J( x' q0 ~  B7 p  l1 x
2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
. U3 C; k6 `8 F% E    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
( u, E6 l3 `4 E6 `* ?    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home
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: t7 p2 j! p: A' _. w! l( _自动挂载：
" v1 H* J8 w! ?0 k' G4 u" |

1.           vi /etc/fstab
   
2. 
   
3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
   
4. 
   2 [5 i5 F/ l" u: [
5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：
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1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
   
2. 
   
3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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