linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
- H" U/ W, z' e( J) r      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
- V' S; M: q2 r8 ]$ {      ...
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1. df -k
   
2. df -lh
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3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
4 x: D* y6 x; {* j! k1 z% P    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
+ {& \. m( F( {5 I    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
% C/ h5 S; S, z! C2 G; ?$ C+ k+ |    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
7 x3 }6 b4 v5 d$ h8 D6 ]) K1 l    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用
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1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
. I& F" H; L- c! k- x    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
! K: Z4 a7 n1 a    content won't be recoverable.
    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
( [9 ~! p) j$ V, [" [    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
+ o2 u$ A* g4 V2 R* d    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
5 K4 K3 ?% A3 m# X: U3 p- S. e    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
    Command (m for help): p
( g: T2 d' x0 c' S" v, p: ^    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
) Q, H. t& Z* S0 L       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
" x; \- ^: N7 }6 c- T& L    Command (m for help): m
$ {+ b- }3 c# ]" p    Command action
       a   toggle a bootable flag
       b   edit bsd disklabel
9 G% O% [- U6 ]# s( j( r7 q       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
       d   delete a partition
       l   list known partition types
       m   print this menu
: i7 l# t9 o+ Y3 ^9 ]       n   add a new partition
       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
       p   print the partition table
2 R( m9 D1 T) F7 r" X       q   quit without saving changes
5 h. t! ^8 _# \4 s$ W( ~& l  c5 u       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
       t   change a partition's system id
       u   change display/entry units
: b! \0 |0 C. u' Z) {  P; P       v   verify the partition table
+ w0 S8 j. `9 M0 S+ Q% M# l       w   write table to disk and exit
3 s7 G+ v# C& Z1 |  o       x   extra functionality (experts only)
9 s3 G+ P$ r' a2 K/ R" m" ?    Command (m for help): n
    Command action
       e   extended
6 |  a  [# p& ]+ h9 D) D% c7 G) G       p   primary partition (1-4)
    p
/ n5 V* E" G) ]( C    Partition number (1-4): 1
8 R  b0 N0 N! S' H    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
0 D6 E; c3 {. P) G3 t    Using default value 1
    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
. u' R* P+ l' C5 A    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
    Command (m for help): w
+ a$ V( f: f. E( a5 v    The partition table has been altered!
1 ^$ g" t. u* r8 I1 ]& h3 m- W6 Q5 E    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    Syncing disks.
' K& i' S  h5 J/ h  W! w    //格式化新分区
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1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
    Filesystem label=
    OS type: Linux
    Block size=1024 (log=0)
$ ^1 G: u! I' `( H: K) g9 P    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
4 C$ I5 g$ e; f    First data block=1
    62 block groups
    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
    2040 inodes per group
    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
    Writing inode tables: done                           
( v* I0 B" e; }' o    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
+ ?+ r. s; I- y6 C# u" G: C  V7 l    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
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1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
9 h+ Y3 f! n+ N* O' A% Q$ h    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
0 l$ G0 L" t2 Z6 T! J    //挂上新分区
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1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
   
2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
5 m; U0 P, ^: b1 {4 F% x8 A! C    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
9 {# U7 J+ p& `3 E! p    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
; u" a# x: d; d6 a, M( ~; `/ B! X    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home

; J3 z, P- A+ @! I- M) a# Z自动挂载：

1.           vi /etc/fstab
   
2. 
   
3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
   
4. 
   
5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：

1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
   
2. 
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3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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