linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
2 q1 B! D5 y) t& ~$ i3 D5 U      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
5 o: j' v7 M* Z. q/ E8 i4 o      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
+ ?8 R2 e( \$ E      ...
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1. df -k
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2. df -lh
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3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
   

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用
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1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
! P: y# M, U2 R' S* m9 `- F+ G    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
    content won't be recoverable.
6 s7 F2 }9 l+ ~4 y    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
9 j4 j% {. c6 \! U4 _4 b( z+ \    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
" w, G$ a% V+ E- H       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    Command (m for help): m
    Command action
       a   toggle a bootable flag
& n5 B# m( p+ ]/ j       b   edit bsd disklabel
6 C; A& q( l0 y* h       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
       d   delete a partition
2 ~! @" f3 j5 ^, w" j       l   list known partition types
6 [; o/ r0 V' }/ r5 \; A       m   print this menu
9 H9 E, c1 F) z       n   add a new partition
       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
: g0 X6 ]9 D, U9 O" X7 @       p   print the partition table
2 A  f8 ^; N- ~* c7 J       q   quit without saving changes
$ q  p" [5 \. y9 W& P       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
  ~! N8 O  r  Q  [2 G: K* Q       t   change a partition's system id
& S* e1 N& a2 p) s9 }- m4 Z8 C       u   change display/entry units
- Q2 _+ V- ^. W) E" G1 p6 ~       v   verify the partition table
       w   write table to disk and exit
9 P0 t7 S' `8 b$ _  L       x   extra functionality (experts only)
    Command (m for help): n
    Command action
! Q3 g' d% h5 s+ m       e   extended
       p   primary partition (1-4)
- J2 Q7 Y( {- |* R) f; A) o1 O* h/ E    p
5 E4 A5 `$ z' G2 t1 S$ G! X; K+ v    Partition number (1-4): 1
: h  P0 F1 V5 X( }3 F    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
    Using default value 1
    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
1 H/ h/ D  G( l7 j! b5 b% p, Z    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
1 x" B6 Y" z) K    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
    Command (m for help): w
    The partition table has been altered!
1 M: _5 K9 J  g* ?! A% _  J    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    Syncing disks.
    //格式化新分区
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1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
& n0 w9 R  h. _& c4 I+ o: Y" _    Filesystem label=
) L5 d$ x) B, @1 I! c- R: }    OS type: Linux
: u8 F( ~8 x( k! j! e8 B  v    Block size=1024 (log=0)
0 I( j5 P9 c3 f# Q    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
' z8 [( }4 |' p/ ]    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
    First data block=1
    62 block groups
. P7 J( o, _+ q4 I1 R0 Q1 N$ o( S) Y    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
    2040 inodes per group
    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
    Writing inode tables: done                           
( [% U, E: @% i0 c% w. J    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
& j- V4 Y9 Y! v; D& o! j    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
. d3 @9 B9 e( `; b% Y- w0 K    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
5 x8 x+ y" W, O    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    //挂上新分区

1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
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2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
7 q' e; U; t* S* N+ W, P9 ~    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
" ^/ O  A2 Y/ {, @* |    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home
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" q$ O) |% [% p6 j7 D0 E! E6 A自动挂载：
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1.           vi /etc/fstab
   
2. 
   
3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
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4. 
   
5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：
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1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
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2. 
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3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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