linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
5 y% L* U5 p9 ^* _# x) I      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
      ...
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1. df -k
   
2. df -lh
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3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
   

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
0 z# R1 P: I4 a+ U7 d    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
+ Y7 O* J, ]$ E0 a8 `. f    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
% ]) g  T/ q, \, {, I( |    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
* N8 ~# x* O, s8 T0 C    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用

1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
# v0 J  j( U" A" ?/ [9 I8 P: T, _2 d    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
# T+ X4 y- _- G! J5 e    content won't be recoverable.
    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
4 u3 g/ G0 d6 `( z& j: a8 y    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
; o9 F( I2 @/ p) }+ i' ?/ ?( W1 k    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
; N- i+ i! s- S9 y    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
/ I, X" {7 @3 g  x8 F3 U: f7 ]       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
8 Q+ p5 ?) e% z' g3 e    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
; e7 w9 l  q. ]& s6 F0 U5 C! t: W    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
( N: M; U) t& G# C& @( g" e    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    Command (m for help): m
    Command action
: i* ^2 ~3 V! v5 G1 r       a   toggle a bootable flag
       b   edit bsd disklabel
       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
1 D$ N2 l' U* w* Y8 d4 Y       d   delete a partition
( @+ Y# \! ~$ e1 Y# R" W, l% w- `       l   list known partition types
$ f8 c, L' S+ P5 K4 c* h* ~: O! l% ~       m   print this menu
/ g5 W7 i5 C& u4 f! r) v       n   add a new partition
2 l  W$ r3 U! m* H  X1 F7 o# T       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
" P* V( G8 e9 ~  N" _/ C       p   print the partition table
       q   quit without saving changes
# J4 e; a6 r; h$ l9 }7 a. T       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
9 q- y$ E2 u  h       t   change a partition's system id
       u   change display/entry units
. x+ B0 R. ^' d) i" X       v   verify the partition table
9 d, s8 U0 J8 ]. g* d- R( C       w   write table to disk and exit
* ~, Z: I9 I) I: D) r       x   extra functionality (experts only)
' T/ j+ U$ ]* w" V    Command (m for help): n
" {4 t& a5 t) C    Command action
. q. e7 O0 ~7 C& B6 }  }       e   extended
       p   primary partition (1-4)
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    Partition number (1-4): 1
    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
    Using default value 1
    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
4 F) i/ Q, x  e2 R7 I/ X* D    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
. l. q' b8 ]2 o  j       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
- \, Z: J8 @) f- _; i9 B    Command (m for help): w
; h  I" b: Z0 j    The partition table has been altered!
# b/ n$ Z6 F& o  b8 V0 L1 i! ~    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    Syncing disks.
    //格式化新分区

1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
3 Z( B  h+ F4 B5 a. p. i    Filesystem label=
4 @2 ~% t6 X: a0 J0 c& Z! x6 o1 X$ ]    OS type: Linux
. n2 E6 d2 f3 }5 l3 _9 U) i) Y0 `    Block size=1024 (log=0)
$ k! I- F# V# J5 G    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
( [+ D) x# I0 z( m+ l    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
! y7 {9 [+ z  z, \5 o6 A    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
    First data block=1
    62 block groups
    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
/ M& H! U+ _0 C% F' z& C    2040 inodes per group
    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
) a2 c! B% W- D            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
    Writing inode tables: done                           
    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
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1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
4 E; I6 B" {0 J    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
" u- }6 L+ U$ q2 Q! N- E4 |. B& H* L    //挂上新分区

1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
   
2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
) q  P2 }9 z7 {5 f: N; h' g3 `. q    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home

! }5 `" }2 F1 j* h6 m5 G自动挂载：

1.           vi /etc/fstab
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2. 
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3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
   
4. 
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5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：

1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
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2. 
   
3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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