linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
0 k. H% @$ g0 @0 _      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
8 K. e4 }0 {/ ~7 y( Y      ...

1. df -k
   
2. df -lh
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3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
   * e1 `: X  p. i

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用

1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
0 I; @3 P& I+ a0 W9 G/ J: p    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
8 \" @8 l' W$ f; }: b: a" M8 I0 Z    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
    content won't be recoverable.
    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
0 B1 b3 {" N9 h    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
& y& v" M- p4 z/ f4 V: g6 Q- L       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
1 O- N# |9 e. d    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
. {. a7 q% u# H  x" B. T    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
, Z2 v2 R' H) w* Q3 u       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    Command (m for help): m
- g3 H7 J) C4 t    Command action
& q; y8 M& n& [" E. o# H6 W       a   toggle a bootable flag
; e/ Z) u: R+ Q# L: ?       b   edit bsd disklabel
; g: J& N; d& v" e5 E8 z, A" {       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
: S' Z; B8 J9 q; O       d   delete a partition
       l   list known partition types
. D& d8 v& w- c9 M: t       m   print this menu
: c& K4 F, E% n       n   add a new partition
3 {1 j5 }: I9 z, m       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
       p   print the partition table
       q   quit without saving changes
       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
4 ^( l, F. |+ Z2 w5 P4 A1 G       t   change a partition's system id
       u   change display/entry units
/ X. H1 Z/ g& C; D% c       v   verify the partition table
       w   write table to disk and exit
       x   extra functionality (experts only)
2 ]7 W3 k4 \1 }5 m5 j% T, S( E- I+ g; R    Command (m for help): n
    Command action
       e   extended
       p   primary partition (1-4)
    p
    Partition number (1-4): 1
    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
  Y0 f5 ^4 S; G0 O, i' u) A$ }" z, [; Q    Using default value 1
/ W" }" m* ]' _    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
) b8 |* e' ]" F. z& I9 d& v5 ?7 u    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
5 p& t' Y9 u- f( j* e    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
3 V  p/ W, b: d8 F4 ]    Command (m for help): w
; B1 W! `8 F" B9 m7 B    The partition table has been altered!
    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    Syncing disks.
    //格式化新分区
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1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
    Filesystem label=
+ H' M* Q. j! i3 o7 n    OS type: Linux
' a+ e0 ^1 O1 A    Block size=1024 (log=0)
5 l( Z* ^: z7 ?& g    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
1 \  `. U; c9 V) n5 o5 p& E    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
    First data block=1
    62 block groups
% ?# \3 ]* M7 C. Z    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
3 Q+ i# ~7 |% U/ ?    2040 inodes per group
2 t! ], P+ z8 v    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
    Writing inode tables: done                           
    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
9 F/ Z% s) V$ ~/ b$ t6 X. x( O    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
7 [& j) J! n( ?' Q0 ?% r

1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
/ i1 `% F6 r% N9 c5 d0 r* A, F    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
3 |) ^5 P# c2 |- v    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
* m3 z% i' Q+ @8 r5 U0 D7 _) C4 u    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
# `% T6 q  }# e( a3 i    //挂上新分区
6 L6 l' \6 Q# g

1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
   
2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
; U" U1 |5 N/ \    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
1 V2 F/ \6 g. _1 _    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
7 U- R$ Q8 G: c& u& Z; b# W7 p. x. a    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home
' @( d) u" w% o  l+ ]' j
自动挂载：

1.           vi /etc/fstab
   
2. 
   
3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
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4. 
   
5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：
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1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
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2. 
   
3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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