linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
' I) s' w; p2 N      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
, e; d3 K4 o5 _: T, n$ Z( M      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
      ...

1. df -k
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2. df -lh
   
3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
1 }, J9 v  j  r$ S) p+ D1 D    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用
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1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
6 @. B* W& j) }) e, T    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
' P$ K& [" l* C9 o& O) a* z    content won't be recoverable.
    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
5 {) w, K, z5 e! z# Y. {+ b* h* Q; V    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
: m$ ]' Z4 B4 A  k$ Q    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
0 |  h2 c1 P6 R7 X+ X" ~! F       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    Command (m for help): m
4 U( u0 f  J( G* w+ T& n    Command action
       a   toggle a bootable flag
       b   edit bsd disklabel
       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
       d   delete a partition
       l   list known partition types
       m   print this menu
$ _* k' X( D& d       n   add a new partition
6 i1 N3 S6 Y& O, K       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
( f  R4 t9 c" }7 E2 N6 E5 y5 V1 E$ U       p   print the partition table
. y7 d: c; _' H3 s& J9 D0 u* R       q   quit without saving changes
       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
/ `: J7 |  G8 W" u       t   change a partition's system id
       u   change display/entry units
       v   verify the partition table
       w   write table to disk and exit
. R# _% C3 m- h6 v8 g       x   extra functionality (experts only)
/ C1 i+ ]' Y) I# A7 }/ f    Command (m for help): n
    Command action
2 H2 ?& G6 y% [; a/ F       e   extended
- e7 B( N$ n/ Z$ d9 G       p   primary partition (1-4)
    p
    Partition number (1-4): 1
    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
    Using default value 1
    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
' Z6 p( D+ c, k. A3 g% U    Command (m for help): p
- g% C- E( f$ Y( j    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
' }# g) Y) J+ i& s7 A       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
5 x. b3 T* F- P% d    Command (m for help): w
    The partition table has been altered!
    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
' Z/ N  l; o) [. G' t3 m, z0 c& I    Syncing disks.
    //格式化新分区
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1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
( ~5 p0 O, o# o) O' ]' ]" ]* @    Filesystem label=
/ g! n7 a2 k* g1 U' S/ @! V+ f    OS type: Linux
    Block size=1024 (log=0)
    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
, f3 D# O0 r, U8 Y) e    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
    First data block=1
    62 block groups
    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
    2040 inodes per group
) r* E1 M- a5 F8 d    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
0 ]% m1 G7 C* d& Z4 X) c    Writing inode tables: done                           
    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
9 R1 _( \* y& m9 r( R    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
! d/ m' {$ m+ A    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
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1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
4 y$ l& r: D6 n$ l& p# Q9 @    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    //挂上新分区

1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
   
2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
3 V& {- _% }1 ?; [, i    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
" }8 o/ b2 O5 g* i# M    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
$ s" Z- k5 _( g+ `+ u) M! v, a    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home

自动挂载：

1.           vi /etc/fstab
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2. 
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3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
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4. 
   
5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：
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1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
   
2. 
   
3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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