linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
) A7 `$ k( a) `: ^/ j% U      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
      ...
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1. df -k
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2. df -lh
   
3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
   

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
" V, i- c! b4 J$ S! K, y    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
9 e/ [( i( z" c$ L. E% N    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用
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1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
0 c6 P6 O, l3 p" E4 [0 a) H- [    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
    content won't be recoverable.
( o! x/ R' t  L  A6 c; _    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
: G" b$ k& B; N: u' ]! a  w. ^" d    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
* ^9 w' z: Q3 ^    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
" V# A% x: G9 O. H! S0 s    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
) f2 e/ q# P: [1 p; F  b    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
$ G0 o: E  u  S" o' P  g    Command (m for help): p
$ G. E3 I: I  P- L0 m, Q    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    Command (m for help): m
    Command action
  j4 Y3 S9 m. |2 Y8 k4 ]8 t) T( ^8 X1 `5 T       a   toggle a bootable flag
- @6 W" s( B0 C& D/ g       b   edit bsd disklabel
       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
+ r$ k2 S" U9 P) |! {# C       d   delete a partition
       l   list known partition types
# ^8 M9 I) V- F       m   print this menu
+ N" j1 _8 R; d. T5 z% \9 K! U       n   add a new partition
0 u1 G  {" w) r" ?       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
( y, b% M2 m% L/ G) h4 ?       p   print the partition table
       q   quit without saving changes
       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
. M" H% j- X3 V5 P% r1 }- l       t   change a partition's system id
       u   change display/entry units
       v   verify the partition table
       w   write table to disk and exit
- d9 {( i4 O/ O" n' x; F       x   extra functionality (experts only)
: B5 o3 o: z( ]$ L$ J. w( v    Command (m for help): n
    Command action
% I3 h9 ]+ {$ x# Z1 t$ c5 p       e   extended
% v% s% F1 k3 M8 V: J) m1 g       p   primary partition (1-4)
    p
    Partition number (1-4): 1
. y- y  ~2 I+ B5 E. u% w# z    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
& F9 ]/ `8 N$ m( W- d. G    Using default value 1
    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
: l+ [7 R" g4 T    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
0 X! t" R% T7 b) g; B/ J    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
& P/ T( F6 s* X/ s8 a    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
2 V- i, ]. |; V7 l    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
4 R/ R' b# I8 @, s1 b/ U8 X    Command (m for help): w
7 k$ p+ Q' K+ Q7 H; ^    The partition table has been altered!
: a, |, A8 f( A/ ]1 Y    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
8 _7 A: F: C1 g# F& R6 H9 E! }    Syncing disks.
    //格式化新分区
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1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
    Filesystem label=
5 ~0 L3 I9 f7 Y    OS type: Linux
    Block size=1024 (log=0)
! Z6 `( ?/ t- E. |# ~* b% V3 H    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
2 g# G: G: p" O4 ^4 z% Y& U' x    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
; Z2 k/ t9 q. c1 v5 C7 G( p    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
    First data block=1
  I& X& E% K* q6 B7 Q7 ?    62 block groups
    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
    2040 inodes per group
    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
/ g3 z- v, b# G. J2 g' _            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
: d; a1 U( w0 y  r2 K8 v8 J  n% M( ^    Writing inode tables: done                           
    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
* _* `( R$ J1 i* j    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
9 J/ I- L% \( s  Y/ G: O. k1 }7 P    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
! S( ~9 v: |! a  Z; A    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
' W) G; f5 ]1 Q. M* A$ n    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    //挂上新分区
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1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
   
2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
* T6 _2 S* y) K! v. \* S    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
5 e) T, z9 w& m; t* F0 R    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home
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自动挂载：
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1.           vi /etc/fstab
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2. 
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3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
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4. 
   
5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：
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1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
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2. 
   
3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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