linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
; k7 T: q) ~( ?" L3 u      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
" l! P2 j: l' i2 W: T0 V      ...
" L. G! f. W9 T/ ^2 @

1. df -k
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2. df -lh
   
3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
   

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
: ~# X/ D, z! N: @0 T+ L    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用

1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
2 x, j8 b4 |0 s) a( X. j    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
1 b7 q9 F/ o# O, o* U    content won't be recoverable.
    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
$ Q5 _# h/ @0 D# q% X5 r    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
* z' `) A1 |' z( a, N$ [' p0 G! @7 v. I    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
4 w; M! h9 H& n1 l    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
7 R5 E0 f! [2 L: X4 \       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
' E5 I/ O* V. {2 A/ I2 T* @) ?! M- n    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
9 K1 _; u6 ?7 w% D    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    Command (m for help): m
  ^, X0 i' ?( T3 G- f5 [6 g    Command action
       a   toggle a bootable flag
" K9 f+ h, g% x0 U0 Z( F       b   edit bsd disklabel
6 [+ ~8 G; a/ v  Z* @       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
       d   delete a partition
! V! u, c6 t8 ~* u1 M3 l. V% p       l   list known partition types
: u% S0 p- K0 q' S       m   print this menu
       n   add a new partition
4 B2 ^% R: a0 s8 u$ d       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
8 y( l# w9 d6 Y( u       p   print the partition table
       q   quit without saving changes
       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
       t   change a partition's system id
! \% E5 }5 I% n+ K5 c       u   change display/entry units
: e0 ~  l# D! w( Z/ q* i6 k& Q2 u       v   verify the partition table
. h( V: ?: b9 R6 }       w   write table to disk and exit
# p0 q! X; ~, d6 T; L; X  \/ r8 p. k       x   extra functionality (experts only)
" K  M. R0 y: K: e5 G8 \    Command (m for help): n
    Command action
/ a6 Y2 [2 U; P- r  [! P* J       e   extended
       p   primary partition (1-4)
    p
" M! @, X! H% s+ E4 X    Partition number (1-4): 1
/ k2 U% L/ W2 P; W8 e8 m9 N' A    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
$ `4 O7 n& [4 a- P) }  |4 L    Using default value 1
6 m, t6 F* T+ r, r1 I    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
3 c, d  S8 w- G; t( r    Command (m for help): p
% ~- P+ q2 [& p    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
4 z& p' `, m# v3 r, E2 P       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
: |8 v# N# F0 L& q$ F' X    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
    Command (m for help): w
    The partition table has been altered!
    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
* w- N" @3 S8 o    Syncing disks.
    //格式化新分区

1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
" A9 z) p1 u6 n7 l% \/ W    Filesystem label=
    OS type: Linux
: s4 ?. s4 I# F6 @+ y0 U    Block size=1024 (log=0)
    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
$ I9 T7 j) }: B# }: T. p, I: c    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
    First data block=1
5 Z7 T5 i! |2 j% x. K! S: \    62 block groups
    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
8 r' O" i- E/ s6 i+ g9 F0 _8 s, g2 @    2040 inodes per group
2 X$ i4 n  u: _7 [; Y" R; |9 C    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
9 p  @5 {( \$ i, X3 k* h    Writing inode tables: done                           
    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
( ?; m7 T& s$ j. O7 B6 F    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
( K. ?" y8 y& ?% F    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
4 J' ]' {; Q7 G/ c0 n    //挂上新分区
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1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
   
2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
4 Y2 d- u# {0 L) V6 u; b7 R    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home
: y, P, H* x) ~
自动挂载：

1.           vi /etc/fstab
   
2. 
   
3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
   
4. 
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5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：

1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
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2. 
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3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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