linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
) m( k( W/ N) N* b$ W      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
      ...
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1. df -k
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2. df -lh
   
3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
   

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
4 v- N8 r9 x5 x0 _    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
/ Z  G4 V* Q$ ]# V9 F; _    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
2 }. H7 z8 t7 I" \; @6 T( W    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用
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1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
4 B+ }' h* Z, X( h5 C& o/ X* s2 W) I    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
* o2 l' Z& A6 \1 K) U8 G    content won't be recoverable.
& B# M" h4 }$ ?/ L1 |) O    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
/ a: b# e. V& l3 f# c7 z# v    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
5 }  [6 Z5 S) p    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
) l7 m! m6 z+ @/ g+ k# J    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
    Command (m for help): p
7 {' o9 E3 a* U    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
1 Q* h1 r) _* K5 r3 e, k7 \    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
8 e/ ^: I4 `/ u9 _5 \$ S7 x    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
# E( z" T& g' i3 E) N6 d5 l( g/ S0 s    Command (m for help): m
    Command action
       a   toggle a bootable flag
4 I: o6 r1 r, a& p; h" j       b   edit bsd disklabel
/ N! f5 x  i. C/ V1 N) W% I  M       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
' E* L7 C. D0 n# R) H# v       d   delete a partition
       l   list known partition types
       m   print this menu
       n   add a new partition
6 Q( K& n& S; O" y4 e       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
8 m& k# s2 N# x$ ~" N  H( N1 d       p   print the partition table
3 T: g% g/ }9 ^7 y- B; J% M# w       q   quit without saving changes
       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
* G4 B, {% \* W" Z       t   change a partition's system id
. R% G: J( ^% j! C( e       u   change display/entry units
       v   verify the partition table
" g4 b6 Q9 l$ U" f( f* t       w   write table to disk and exit
       x   extra functionality (experts only)
$ j; c" P* E' Y, ~1 K6 h    Command (m for help): n
4 \+ A% r# l9 n& K: h" c& I    Command action
       e   extended
0 z' A2 U. f) x/ b2 ^% x1 }" j       p   primary partition (1-4)
    p
    Partition number (1-4): 1
; ?. B( M  I  Y3 A- ]    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
2 s  g/ U( D4 ~# n% y! J. @4 H    Using default value 1
) \, k7 z' F) d    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
/ ?$ M1 r8 E+ P4 w3 _    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
1 B; Y; t! j. K2 |0 {( v; x9 P       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
8 `5 c' O! i) V2 d  m$ f    Command (m for help): w
; y, L) H. e: ^: @/ k    The partition table has been altered!
( w- i$ {5 R/ `4 K. f    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
3 |  t( K0 ]8 |/ v- A( u    Syncing disks.
1 K4 V3 L1 O( k; L6 a4 N    //格式化新分区

1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
    Filesystem label=
    OS type: Linux
    Block size=1024 (log=0)
7 n* [& H0 D- |  R3 U5 j    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
3 U3 x  J1 ]4 C: O    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
    First data block=1
( {( j$ @. X) x    62 block groups
    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
    2040 inodes per group
2 ~& j4 B5 g+ {8 R    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
    Writing inode tables: done                           
/ l/ T( U6 t  F/ m1 l3 [5 M3 C+ I3 U0 C    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
: j+ Q' x, e% C5 U" k& Q8 s    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
: Z+ I; {: E7 W5 w7 B    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
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1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
1 n% Y6 E& A, K5 i    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
" J% m6 u* X4 Z. M* n: O    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
+ K1 X9 x7 @  q# ]& a5 ^4 ?    //挂上新分区
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1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
   
2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
0 }. w0 X, _+ V* `. z6 I7 E" X) G    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
) I* k; A3 z6 H8 O  p. _5 t    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home
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自动挂载：

1.           vi /etc/fstab
   
2. 
   
3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
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4. 
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5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：
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1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
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2. 
   
3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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