linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
! t' J5 w# t. D6 i      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
: }  d) o( o; _      ...
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1. df -k
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2. df -lh
   
3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
( ?- q+ M- K$ L% C3 u    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用
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1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
    content won't be recoverable.
# k9 D. }. _3 j% C2 G/ I    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
, T* T7 b$ }9 B" s    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
5 W3 U+ ?/ O3 w5 z! q) |9 w9 D    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
4 V, R7 c- u) @: w    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
! ~3 E0 O( @. R& ~7 ?       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
; W. c. S2 C5 v. W6 M    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
: w& d, w2 X4 g/ [    Command (m for help): m
# U) Z6 k- A( D9 L5 O& m    Command action
       a   toggle a bootable flag
9 G# t& O5 Q/ Y       b   edit bsd disklabel
       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
! |6 s! {- z4 Y- D( _$ E$ C       d   delete a partition
6 p4 Z# B! ]3 Q1 k; y8 X+ k       l   list known partition types
/ ]- X6 q$ c$ h" k8 Z2 a       m   print this menu
7 C5 Z8 z7 T& d& p       n   add a new partition
       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
2 D* n6 v0 D, ~! t       p   print the partition table
! d& d- n* S2 t( P( c* Y       q   quit without saving changes
& P! B* J  ~/ i       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
       t   change a partition's system id
  n: a7 h4 b* \: s       u   change display/entry units
       v   verify the partition table
       w   write table to disk and exit
! }3 L; v- z: S6 J       x   extra functionality (experts only)
    Command (m for help): n
# a- o# I+ O. ^, b2 p4 B2 g    Command action
0 {( P! D9 w0 W. n3 b4 j       e   extended
       p   primary partition (1-4)
8 ^" S! U* u3 _+ d    p
8 b4 z9 f. J' L: p2 J2 H4 Z    Partition number (1-4): 1
& e+ `4 x  t1 [: z    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
, R4 ^7 r, b5 h' e+ q# l) g    Using default value 1
    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
. c0 |, [( d1 F3 d* t( T% S$ O, r    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
- N- l8 Q9 R! y0 B! I    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
    Command (m for help): w
    The partition table has been altered!
    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    Syncing disks.
' Y) t/ M9 S# |3 f$ X    //格式化新分区
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1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
2 _$ _) B& i" G6 O& Y5 [% N  y1 |    Filesystem label=
" ^. @* {! [! x6 e' c8 u    OS type: Linux
    Block size=1024 (log=0)
    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
+ V) W- w+ e' ]/ r; E0 g" s! }: \    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
    First data block=1
8 a' U& V9 e  Q+ X; E* y    62 block groups
    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
    2040 inodes per group
* V& P/ M+ s  ^( @0 U( y8 c8 O    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
: T& s( f/ D/ F5 F) x0 }6 ^& I* g$ ^            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
    Writing inode tables: done                           
0 J5 h) O! h6 G( G/ t+ p" u5 n, A    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
  t3 i/ O5 m- a. D; m    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
8 Q  @% v; x1 z0 w$ Y    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
8 q: X  H" P. ]; J. _; U' |    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
* g, {. J* t4 a) d2 ]    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    //挂上新分区

1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
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2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
* ?$ U, N+ H" C8 h5 b2 k    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home
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自动挂载：

1.           vi /etc/fstab
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2. 
   
3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
   
4. 
   
5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：
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1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
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2. 
   
3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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