linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
' l/ W( Q9 b4 U& `      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
  W, y- O8 h- y, M+ U- ]      ...
2 ~/ F2 {, m, j  q

1. df -k
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2. df -lh
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3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用

1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
+ Y- d" K& S' m9 i" ]2 R    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
    content won't be recoverable.
1 D: o( F  `& X2 x- t9 C, q' ~/ ]    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
3 z/ t; u4 k+ c/ J. p& s    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
8 i3 }; @5 K4 r- v    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
; \9 P* B1 c4 N    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
. l, U+ V+ H, p+ k1 r- y  T7 h' A    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
( l6 r2 A# t6 H& M  W6 V' N4 v    Command (m for help): m
    Command action
. I' g4 ?6 K/ b: {6 a       a   toggle a bootable flag
4 N- ~' w( X' X  v  u( P- k       b   edit bsd disklabel
) X: B% t; @2 g& H7 W       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
7 m8 E7 E- J4 g& U! s" q6 I       d   delete a partition
       l   list known partition types
       m   print this menu
       n   add a new partition
: ]) S8 S+ C+ ^, V7 I7 n  z       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
       p   print the partition table
# G) O; T# {9 b+ |/ C! }& \       q   quit without saving changes
       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
  m$ X0 d  c- v' B2 m0 \; J       t   change a partition's system id
# ~/ R7 _5 X1 J* T$ x       u   change display/entry units
       v   verify the partition table
3 @: h* m, \7 Z* [) F& l7 j# `0 {       w   write table to disk and exit
" F1 M' l% n0 H( o: @1 K2 p       x   extra functionality (experts only)
7 |. U6 b' ]  H+ [; s3 L    Command (m for help): n
& U6 E$ S" @8 o1 N    Command action
       e   extended
0 f! k0 P5 ^1 e" I3 O# X       p   primary partition (1-4)
    p
    Partition number (1-4): 1
8 |3 |1 H! h% v    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
8 G# Y5 T( ~# G( N9 E: Z    Using default value 1
    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
3 ]/ ~" ?0 u1 L% ?5 m" u! Y& s# t    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
! b% H) e' w) U: o7 F# u) T       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
    Command (m for help): w
    The partition table has been altered!
    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
# z" B/ V) V+ ^5 x    Syncing disks.
    //格式化新分区

1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
    Filesystem label=
    OS type: Linux
    Block size=1024 (log=0)
    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
# n! \( b9 C# R5 {- @    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
2 C2 |- d& r7 @7 G% H/ a    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
: g* e  Y: G& M$ S2 B    First data block=1
* ?+ R* m( u1 x% M! q    62 block groups
4 M4 U1 C6 d& L+ \$ S2 c) P. m    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
' E. w  }& Y# r) c    2040 inodes per group
    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
! s% m0 C! F& N    Writing inode tables: done                           
& ?! y4 ]7 H$ G& u1 e    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
9 x4 E8 T6 r3 f- g    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
6 U7 D1 a6 _* G2 D    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
; @  K; {+ }. m. S- R$ R    //挂上新分区

1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
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2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
. h3 Z, ?; K  [! t! w9 `+ k: y    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
  h. ]  b! B0 q0 m+ |; D) x    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home

4 N6 c+ B' @+ b* Z! G2 l* g自动挂载：

1.           vi /etc/fstab
   * v3 ^0 y- W3 c. X( v& Z. K9 |
2. 
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3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
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4. 
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5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：

1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
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2. 
   
3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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) o6 `: R" Z- f# u1 K0 b! N  s5 y& Z