linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
6 g. I3 X7 z8 Q' }      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
. B/ Y3 n6 g0 |! j% h" S9 i      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
2 l" b: }+ d# O* D      ...
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1. df -k
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2. df -lh
   
3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
0 E% L3 t8 A' H! [9 W3 _+ g5 @  p- H    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用
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1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
    content won't be recoverable.
/ M5 D* _' M. L& o( C' B1 J    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
/ H4 _9 b) Z, M! Z; w    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
3 U4 K  q8 x9 s9 Z    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
; B9 s/ X- S* r8 w0 H2 _    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
1 x# g" A& q; B+ T5 @; B    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
# X5 V4 ]1 H6 T# A* \( ~8 x3 l    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    Command (m for help): m
    Command action
       a   toggle a bootable flag
       b   edit bsd disklabel
3 o+ R! k  K  h# \3 F       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
       d   delete a partition
       l   list known partition types
       m   print this menu
       n   add a new partition
* N5 s1 h# J. }! D5 ~0 I* f/ e       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
       p   print the partition table
       q   quit without saving changes
       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
) R5 Y5 l# T& u& u  d; @       t   change a partition's system id
: D8 q) h& v& D# H       u   change display/entry units
# g6 h* Q0 ]0 N7 i: z; _       v   verify the partition table
. J1 X6 Y' v; R' X, j: z* ^7 Q# O       w   write table to disk and exit
       x   extra functionality (experts only)
    Command (m for help): n
! p/ j$ R' k$ a8 k1 D    Command action
       e   extended
+ r' g  X5 u- \1 j       p   primary partition (1-4)
    p
# G1 \) X8 O& \2 a0 S3 ]" W3 R    Partition number (1-4): 1
    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
8 }( N) X$ E4 P8 C% w    Using default value 1
    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
) N1 }. ~7 }9 }    Command (m for help): p
; |2 m& a' Q4 f% ?5 q4 ]$ Y    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
( ]8 O% T: {8 S; a# b    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
    Command (m for help): w
    The partition table has been altered!
" P7 a1 y/ d: V7 f/ a    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
' S5 _' d6 I/ ~# l7 {% h8 j    Syncing disks.
    //格式化新分区

1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
    Filesystem label=
& Y0 V! F7 |. P  O. Y) b    OS type: Linux
    Block size=1024 (log=0)
    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
    First data block=1
    62 block groups
2 `/ S: q  B# c    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
    2040 inodes per group
    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
  P1 T. {- _: Z* s2 T# [* R            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
    Writing inode tables: done                           
; N. a6 `' ~* p2 G+ a- v    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
3 m1 p6 e1 l3 n1 s: N: \2 h: W+ I3 _9 [    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
4 j. `/ `$ b5 Z4 h" Y! F3 f! M    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
  j, r) ?  }, t* y( O    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
7 E/ Q- j2 I% `7 N    //挂上新分区

1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
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2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
9 |4 k2 o) q! W8 a: Q3 E    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home
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自动挂载：

1.           vi /etc/fstab
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2. 
   
3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
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4. 
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5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：
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1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
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2. 
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3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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