linux下添加新硬盘方法

admin

1. fdisk

复制代码

Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
( L+ o: ~* k% l1 S      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
" H: F  J4 @- _2 U& [" F6 z" B/ r1 l      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
      ...

1. df -k
   
2. df -lh
   
3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
   # X! x1 m' ~1 y

复制代码

文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
! d- P$ E& g! D) ?    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
' |# a& G% v: ?; S. C! R    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用

1. fdisk /dev/hda

复制代码

Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
( h/ i2 }2 z- j% [    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
8 }3 ?0 `: W# T% z    content won't be recoverable.
    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
' U2 X, T5 s8 d    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
" {8 ^/ i( G% N4 [$ S/ s    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
! o1 R* @; [( o    Command (m for help): p
( q# Q/ m3 L& i/ z( ^# \/ n    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
% Z% g3 I8 j3 Y; Q& W6 ^    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
6 R# b3 U  E' m2 b# [+ k    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
* u6 i6 [5 G, p; J, k& w+ X       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    Command (m for help): m
8 P; n! {% c$ d& r1 O( a, f    Command action
. N# v. o  Z4 z0 ]       a   toggle a bootable flag
1 J! |5 j, U/ i3 ~7 ?2 P" ]( B6 o0 q       b   edit bsd disklabel
       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
       d   delete a partition
       l   list known partition types
/ m/ {" B; m. \) ]) V       m   print this menu
       n   add a new partition
       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
% u9 [9 g. D6 j/ z$ b7 l* b0 h       p   print the partition table
3 I6 _( J/ L# d4 p       q   quit without saving changes
       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
, Q$ D: d$ ~4 }+ r! N       t   change a partition's system id
       u   change display/entry units
       v   verify the partition table
1 ~% Y6 V% x9 D& ], y& o: c# v       w   write table to disk and exit
       x   extra functionality (experts only)
% w9 q3 c& H& \& |    Command (m for help): n
: C2 S, D3 ]* Q    Command action
       e   extended
       p   primary partition (1-4)
    p
2 \) r- r2 n& A4 w    Partition number (1-4): 1
4 p9 k' b( T5 \- @0 u8 i    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
    Using default value 1
    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
    Command (m for help): p
; {: N7 @& M6 T* V$ G. @    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
; K( U6 W+ n% F- m) k$ ~3 X    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
* s. W( ^) h  D* f. W- [; U       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
- b6 D6 k' B5 B2 i0 A2 P    Command (m for help): w
    The partition table has been altered!
! L3 q% J$ Z7 _$ p; w    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
3 O2 `2 n$ z; H# G5 m' \    Syncing disks.
    //格式化新分区
. n) C# c& k8 I- g5 J* @

1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

复制代码

mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
/ S& W# X9 y2 k3 Y+ I' f) ~- r    Filesystem label=
    OS type: Linux
    Block size=1024 (log=0)
    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
0 n  \1 m& |& j6 e5 p6 _1 ^    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
5 j6 O0 s# R* G3 U9 U    First data block=1
$ a  S/ w6 b" e2 a    62 block groups
3 R, u6 n6 Q5 c. {( q    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
& M0 i+ ~) f1 G: L+ R, p    2040 inodes per group
    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
& j& H; e' J( Y6 z; E. W/ r            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
    Writing inode tables: done                           
    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
$ @1 N+ H! h. K. Z    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
, s6 E- x8 a! [    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
# E. T! d. R% b) O    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

1. df -k

复制代码

文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
; X4 O! \5 u+ z' x% I    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
$ C0 C4 q# V, p; \+ r    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
7 G$ d9 f& t: `5 d! m6 f+ }& x    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
4 {! ~# \# Y7 K    //挂上新分区
3 G1 r- v+ c2 [, f' ?/ P7 D

1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
   
2. df -k

复制代码

文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
* a* B. W6 {! S. Z) C1 E    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
0 }3 V% _4 b/ Y2 p+ @    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
0 }: H& ^9 c* X9 h    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home

9 I% A- J6 g8 e6 P# f: E8 Y自动挂载：
0 }" ^1 p7 l0 V  N9 L* F

1.           vi /etc/fstab
   
2. 
   
3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
   # l* i0 ^4 O6 n! A- y; K
4. 
   . ^! o: G% L) X+ Y0 P+ [
5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

复制代码

手动挂载：
1 b$ ]- e/ Y( p$ `' i

1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
   
2. 
   
3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

复制代码

' G$ d3 h  J0 T8 U( I/ ~* t! G; L