linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
9 p8 j& X6 w9 d) E% P      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
      ...

1. df -k
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2. df -lh
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3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
   

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
. {9 w: P& ^* H; [- n    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
7 q9 S& ^/ T+ s5 ~4 f    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用

1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
2 g; z' t7 ]2 v0 @. }* x, R    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
9 N: L8 ^+ ?+ B1 i1 F' ~9 R    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
! _! k; c+ P+ ^) r    content won't be recoverable.
    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
1 ~3 F" U' z  `0 m    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
; r8 x+ D$ g; f    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
# e* u2 u# v# @5 ]0 |+ Q' b" P% D0 r    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    Command (m for help): m
: `) u" W! ]8 @- k( x    Command action
       a   toggle a bootable flag
) w0 s1 g1 S. a+ N( S       b   edit bsd disklabel
% ~  ^$ R, U* a# e- |) x, V, u       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
       d   delete a partition
       l   list known partition types
" v: z6 a  V  h       m   print this menu
/ _' a* Y* i( \9 U       n   add a new partition
       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
       p   print the partition table
+ p1 m- U3 p6 I) J9 N       q   quit without saving changes
/ h1 W1 U/ V5 v5 H7 {) B       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
       t   change a partition's system id
! Q5 F( e" e( s3 L! X! C5 o       u   change display/entry units
       v   verify the partition table
       w   write table to disk and exit
5 `/ a3 v' P" I& i8 E       x   extra functionality (experts only)
( C- `5 @$ x# c% Z    Command (m for help): n
" f% W. X4 i2 H2 v+ @* f$ B    Command action
- j1 @7 F# B$ t/ Q       e   extended
+ \+ [1 o$ [- ]3 m       p   primary partition (1-4)
3 C) C% j3 d1 |. O$ o    p
2 k$ v9 D+ f5 _9 ?; _! P3 M    Partition number (1-4): 1
8 n: a1 n3 ^+ s/ V* t    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
9 F4 H+ T" N. s- N5 H! H5 E    Using default value 1
/ i9 f- D. e6 p; Q* v+ W    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
    Command (m for help): p
. C; y; a! M$ X$ e    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
, P% Y! }1 L0 ]0 K# E    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
( i5 k3 z# V5 h" |# ^    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
; h  v0 }& x6 i# f       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
. z5 S6 C/ A1 h1 ?$ I    Command (m for help): w
    The partition table has been altered!
    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    Syncing disks.
    //格式化新分区
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1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
    Filesystem label=
    OS type: Linux
    Block size=1024 (log=0)
* f1 [' h7 [% a  Y- [) [* f4 f    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
+ z3 R+ F9 }; i& k- ~4 c, n" h    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
- |; q3 O5 s9 E" f( _) l8 @( E    First data block=1
4 v4 @3 |* l* A# C2 ?& y    62 block groups
    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
1 m+ ]& W: B( m/ B, l    2040 inodes per group
    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
. S" Z1 ?- y2 K' R; P1 Z% s            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
$ p4 i& v7 o4 D' C  E9 S) r8 m    Writing inode tables: done                           
    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
: f0 L  J/ z" t4 y4 H    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
' {$ k- _; G# U3 G- P6 n    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
) D3 u. G% X5 l) Z  F. I6 ^6 ]    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
! @0 `0 Z% r0 P$ t! M0 \' K    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    //挂上新分区

1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
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2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
0 T( f( z5 |: s: ?% H    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
$ [+ l! m& ~- e% {    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home

! b8 ^( F1 @% m自动挂载：
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1.           vi /etc/fstab
   
2. 
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3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
   
4. 
   
5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：
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1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
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2. 
   
3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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