linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
" f& H. A7 ^6 M; Y4 G; g      ...
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1. df -k
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2. df -lh
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3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
   

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
3 ~9 x: S7 h( q. o& N4 g2 J& [; d5 W    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
1 D! j$ X1 P/ ^5 V5 L, z    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用

1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
6 s9 l$ J% L0 F, ]8 I( H, `$ w    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
6 \# {0 }' I8 ?# M9 ~    content won't be recoverable.
    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
* R+ m) p: |$ w* t0 T% g5 B$ I+ ]    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
5 Y; _) m1 u' K2 m) u- I3 {$ L    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
! V: a- p1 p& V$ V/ R/ W    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
/ ]4 S$ i5 M) j1 `  K- O$ k7 y. m! h       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
4 b1 Q+ v6 G! e1 _2 o1 s    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
6 O+ M1 U! r, t% |: |    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
+ R" p8 g  {3 T; O  v  }3 R% @       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
3 V. ]2 p: W+ e* l0 @    Command (m for help): m
" E$ |2 L5 _8 l    Command action
       a   toggle a bootable flag
       b   edit bsd disklabel
" e2 J- |* K8 r2 f; G; t       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
/ Y5 @4 [7 N" z       d   delete a partition
1 N5 S) n; f; P, v% s7 j       l   list known partition types
       m   print this menu
; h' V/ m3 ?+ a  C7 E       n   add a new partition
       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
       p   print the partition table
       q   quit without saving changes
" o1 h$ K/ q0 I  _8 b4 G       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
9 q: b$ j) f0 A& N' X7 j       t   change a partition's system id
       u   change display/entry units
' m6 N5 A" k& e1 q       v   verify the partition table
8 p  k" A6 K1 O8 ^" q/ \6 s       w   write table to disk and exit
       x   extra functionality (experts only)
& C5 F) x' k2 e    Command (m for help): n
    Command action
       e   extended
1 L, n  _2 d: l  F8 v2 t       p   primary partition (1-4)
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    Partition number (1-4): 1
9 `5 h8 Y$ |7 |7 S% a- ~$ w    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
; E; a  ~2 H3 p5 u3 K& {4 u* [) j    Using default value 1
' }* k8 J- t4 g- a: y    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
; m  u5 o0 D" O0 j5 u    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
. H- k+ b8 J) V5 o" _, Z    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
4 o$ `/ u. ]) N( I% A3 V0 V/ g    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
    Command (m for help): w
" d2 a; C- Z5 M* W, {. N    The partition table has been altered!
    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    Syncing disks.
    //格式化新分区
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1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
! [5 [" {, M. h6 o. {3 k3 G    Filesystem label=
; a: P; U& U& |7 r- t8 U  D    OS type: Linux
    Block size=1024 (log=0)
& }$ D7 S4 B" X9 O4 X    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
- Q+ ~) T1 P, I3 Z+ A0 f3 p& M; y; ^    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
    First data block=1
( J! G# B2 L6 g9 ~    62 block groups
    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
    2040 inodes per group
* a5 W" M1 o0 G( c) V# z6 m+ H0 n' K    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
9 k6 w7 I9 r- x( S9 }- y9 ]4 n            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
. x& n" v- x; o. [, _8 x: {9 O    Writing inode tables: done                           
    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
; e$ }% V0 \4 z' A    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
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1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
& h5 d) B! S) E9 }    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
% A& `5 u+ N6 {    //挂上新分区
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1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
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2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
) G5 Z% T% x% {; e. ~5 j    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
9 c: k3 n0 g' u0 w8 [6 M    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home
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! {3 U- G( o# s% ~自动挂载：
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1.           vi /etc/fstab
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2. 
   
3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
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4. 
   
5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：

1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
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2. 
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3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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