linux下添加新硬盘方法

admin

1. fdisk

复制代码

Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
3 E+ ~' t& Q0 n      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
; i: O* N2 e; V& `7 d      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
4 {1 b9 z* C* R9 y( }      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
      ...
  ^! }/ x6 @( x" L! f, H* F0 g6 `

1. df -k
   
2. df -lh
   
3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
   7 P4 L: D% P( J3 g& K7 W9 Q% q( A

复制代码

文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
$ _3 a# P/ K0 u$ F& X. {    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
3 T% M- d. ^9 |; w: ~    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用

1. fdisk /dev/hda

复制代码

Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
4 ^* g7 G, E, Q& L, S0 ^    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
& x6 |6 n: g$ H1 A7 r5 G2 K1 n    content won't be recoverable.
7 q/ |" T" B4 \    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
' [# W! B/ a' ^0 ]5 @9 e    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
6 q! m; [& Q7 j    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
7 Y6 t6 _: j( o% w- S    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
    Command (m for help): p
' j* T2 o6 t8 f: P! T4 A    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
0 m! U- y" f+ ^, ?7 m/ x- b       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    Command (m for help): m
    Command action
       a   toggle a bootable flag
, a% |; A- A4 I% F4 G' k       b   edit bsd disklabel
       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
       d   delete a partition
' j6 ]: x) p& d8 P: x       l   list known partition types
8 P! r. Z4 T/ ^" V6 M5 l7 a       m   print this menu
       n   add a new partition
       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
       p   print the partition table
$ M% U4 X1 k1 N. [1 w' E       q   quit without saving changes
       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
       t   change a partition's system id
3 }; w( b. q! t3 L       u   change display/entry units
( P1 J% J" ~. W5 @. e3 I3 F       v   verify the partition table
9 ?9 Y" o3 t/ L       w   write table to disk and exit
       x   extra functionality (experts only)
    Command (m for help): n
# d. E# |# n9 t* m% v8 S3 D    Command action
3 j/ h% ?$ O2 J       e   extended
$ O- s/ I% I3 D- j4 ?4 W       p   primary partition (1-4)
    p
4 W( O" G& S) V8 K9 n2 r5 w    Partition number (1-4): 1
2 Q0 c) y, I  m* \( |; o% }    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
    Using default value 1
7 _  q2 _' R& t+ k$ W/ T1 e    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
( L  D8 W8 X4 D/ O& t) Z3 I# d       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
    Command (m for help): w
7 @9 i9 w5 B, E" G- p    The partition table has been altered!
    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    Syncing disks.
    //格式化新分区
0 a$ _: A, h& R1 N5 h/ j8 {

1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

复制代码

mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
    Filesystem label=
4 I2 T: V. z6 k) d    OS type: Linux
, U! r0 u% ]* d- }; ?  h    Block size=1024 (log=0)
    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
5 ^- \9 t1 A6 R, I' K    First data block=1
    62 block groups
    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
    2040 inodes per group
7 c. x9 J% y4 t7 X    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
    Writing inode tables: done                           
    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

1. df -k

复制代码

文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
4 h5 l9 C5 O: K6 F4 B+ v    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
5 _$ F1 {/ H, R2 S. d    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    //挂上新分区
; n  Y* a$ @6 ^

1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
   0 F! F: X9 L1 ?5 }: x' L$ O# w( n; T
2. df -k

复制代码

文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
& V" Q; G* }. L: W( w    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
0 `5 ~8 N$ y( T/ ~    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home
9 e1 n* a1 ^2 d$ n: i; r! ^
. @/ L7 X1 k0 {! A& o自动挂载：

1.           vi /etc/fstab
   
2. 
   % N2 M& e$ h/ ^8 f) S# W! M) |
3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
   
4. 
   ) m3 |$ L3 `4 l+ }2 W
5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

复制代码

手动挂载：
) x3 d& `6 I: }: _

1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
   
2. 
   
3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

复制代码

$ j; b0 ~9 v) \! S" h6 x% P