linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
5 V) L0 j! l8 A9 `- k      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
1 c" L' e; w" _. U% w' Z8 X      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
      ...

1. df -k
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2. df -lh
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3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
   

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
/ l8 e' l3 z6 T" ^$ K) [    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用

1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
' Z1 ]$ u; \. ?8 w+ U# f8 H    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
& n; |+ W( W  o9 E$ j3 F1 x/ Y    content won't be recoverable.
( t: Y4 o" S8 w9 [    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
. B" C, K9 a" u3 d    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
8 a4 Y! g  o6 U; S' j- ?6 F6 T    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
+ Y$ ?  L3 f! Q4 I& S- E    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
    Command (m for help): p
+ k9 w) g( y8 @! g; E" _    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
/ p2 N" V8 A& l  r! `    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
/ w5 O4 P  V  o, u8 C' j" {! A    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    Command (m for help): m
    Command action
       a   toggle a bootable flag
       b   edit bsd disklabel
. W; Y# }' D. L5 i! ~       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
/ ~- T1 @7 K! u$ k5 r6 }3 U7 ^5 Q       d   delete a partition
       l   list known partition types
9 [- r: }' b$ u. d. w       m   print this menu
) U' U9 }( p& ]9 `* `1 F       n   add a new partition
       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
' X- a) }# J9 z; B; n, M/ G" a       p   print the partition table
       q   quit without saving changes
       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
       t   change a partition's system id
       u   change display/entry units
       v   verify the partition table
       w   write table to disk and exit
, Q" t2 K3 k, ^9 I0 Y( s       x   extra functionality (experts only)
    Command (m for help): n
! F/ S/ r6 J2 v( o5 u0 `6 U    Command action
, X8 `8 v3 Y7 X% Y4 [. v+ A# ]; a       e   extended
       p   primary partition (1-4)
    p
+ M3 [1 t! ^$ Q( R: c. P1 w    Partition number (1-4): 1
% z5 r2 k6 E/ b/ w    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
: k+ B9 |  T. i5 y+ x    Using default value 1
: o" P. i" {, {: R6 e. x$ ~    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
    Command (m for help): p
: C2 L% K" g! r! J, U; V" h    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
; L1 u  w! X$ J/ }3 a$ w. n       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
+ ~5 |% H& Y% [1 j    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
9 X% w" q  ]% V' L$ v2 `    Command (m for help): w
" [( w, k$ Z" n8 s$ Y, _. Q    The partition table has been altered!
! ~& _! q. h% @- y# O/ }    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
( g/ ~7 L) q( u/ O    Syncing disks.
8 p- u. a# Y3 t7 J    //格式化新分区

1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
    Filesystem label=
+ [$ O0 t" K$ z! g* `% l    OS type: Linux
    Block size=1024 (log=0)
, d$ K; o% \0 @0 A# f1 [    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
/ q- o' ^) {; F2 T    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
5 {' d" m5 [" c4 M! j: c    First data block=1
3 B& m0 R9 J5 B2 e    62 block groups
    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
; p# X! }$ r5 _8 @+ |$ D) U    2040 inodes per group
    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
$ E4 v: b# D* v  n+ h2 n- F3 s            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
* F* j2 r! F! Z7 ^    Writing inode tables: done                           
    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
! Y% u$ p! b' r3 j  x; m7 ^) W7 [    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
' x  o' Q2 d) r5 v    //挂上新分区

1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
   
2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
6 j  c% p4 |! p, e$ ?    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
4 M+ x2 V' F6 a" }  G  V0 }; Z# Y+ x    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
+ x6 p3 |2 P3 U# I3 O6 A0 }  ]    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home

+ t7 r3 N1 A; x$ f2 k' p% O* H7 a自动挂载：
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1.           vi /etc/fstab
   
2. 
   
3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
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4. 
   
5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：
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1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
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2. 
   
3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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