linux下添加新硬盘方法

admin

1. fdisk

复制代码

Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
$ |1 }' ]" i5 T8 o      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
      ...
" f8 c$ L% _8 t9 x; G# K' j

1. df -k
   
2. df -lh
   
3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
   

复制代码

文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
2 F$ b, v; K) a6 p7 v    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用
! G6 i6 ]7 s$ {6 P4 X# A  F

1. fdisk /dev/hda

复制代码

Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
7 l; w; T, H, c% ^" K& {    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
, M- O- k  K  {0 G- F0 \    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
9 j. {+ B! b4 a4 _    content won't be recoverable.
    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
9 H2 A# s8 T+ ~! v    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
: D8 a1 l& d9 B2 n4 Z0 a    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
  D, z) X/ c# d- `* o4 f) b       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
- p% F: ?! x( {; H; x  ~    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    Command (m for help): m
    Command action
' f% q6 l" b- `, K       a   toggle a bootable flag
       b   edit bsd disklabel
2 v/ x) U5 S* K* r6 I2 V# A/ n       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
+ P) F6 q- v8 L) r* s/ I$ Y       d   delete a partition
       l   list known partition types
       m   print this menu
( ]% h1 ~& a1 [7 p, m8 D       n   add a new partition
       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
       p   print the partition table
       q   quit without saving changes
6 j5 W  c1 I( P2 _, `3 }+ W, L) U       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
       t   change a partition's system id
       u   change display/entry units
       v   verify the partition table
       w   write table to disk and exit
       x   extra functionality (experts only)
    Command (m for help): n
    Command action
* H% B1 W4 r! _4 p2 H1 v+ q9 P       e   extended
6 ^/ q" j: t. m$ j, ]       p   primary partition (1-4)
  \, g5 ?+ j# n    p
    Partition number (1-4): 1
    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
; C; q3 O+ ^2 \* O    Using default value 1
4 O8 b- N& l/ K) k- C* M    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
    Command (m for help): p
- D* c5 n5 H9 r) `. P+ Y    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
$ a: Z7 h( d1 D+ I* W# ]: I! ]    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
) X4 L. o$ ~/ t       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
* d. n( q7 ?4 h0 Y! F    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
    Command (m for help): w
    The partition table has been altered!
    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    Syncing disks.
    //格式化新分区

1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

复制代码

mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
) l% C7 \2 C: G  G- C; `    Filesystem label=
& q$ n2 A& E$ @- Y$ s    OS type: Linux
    Block size=1024 (log=0)
    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
  ?7 t* ?3 r$ L1 H" H7 b    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
    First data block=1
    62 block groups
    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
% K8 P* c' ]2 o! e! l, y4 U. \4 s    2040 inodes per group
3 T% a# `# }  k: R5 q" t( x    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
+ {+ u; y) v. R$ R' Y/ L            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
$ K. Q4 [% [  e: ]* B4 s( n    Writing inode tables: done                           
0 f9 l8 I1 [/ u- _/ J    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
$ Z/ I' O. p0 B, t9 L    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
* k- \1 F: Q1 A8 Y! R+ j    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
% `& g/ Y; o# A2 I# r7 ?

1. df -k

复制代码

文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
/ K: {: L3 d) V7 M$ ~! t- b    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
' }! D5 q) p  L& u0 M9 l) N    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
3 \  o1 ^8 Y4 K+ z; X, R    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
- Z$ W$ q& \- ~: ~8 C6 M4 e    //挂上新分区

1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
   
2. df -k

复制代码

文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
; i4 Z/ v. L8 s, I( Q: E! Y! p# t    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
8 A; r0 k! T% w4 @$ [    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home
9 b. `! R5 b' @, [
4 f& p7 x& P$ u自动挂载：

1.           vi /etc/fstab
   ' C6 C; G2 z: o1 \$ Y+ ~
2. 
   
3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
   7 e6 s. h- K8 e2 a" e: I% O" t
4. 
   
5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

复制代码

手动挂载：
; n( q$ h5 K. w# h$ u: W( x

1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
   / V1 P, k0 Z7 G% m+ ^6 ^5 j
2. 
   / e7 H* Q* \( o" S, ?6 ?$ Z
3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

复制代码

- L) h4 g( ^" p& Y" e. K
0 a$ p5 P$ Y+ ~. l7 w