linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
7 ?8 d0 e# s0 `. F2 O9 k  E      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
9 |3 r# v7 o% m; J/ Z6 [      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
/ @' E' h6 v( F2 ]      ...
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1. df -k
   
2. df -lh
   
3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
   

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
& D& w% C2 I( j+ B' j# J1 B3 E    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用
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1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
& V% D: I3 X' p! Q3 x    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
' ^, _7 K4 x% m& z- Y    content won't be recoverable.
( o" k& \8 A  O4 K1 ?% \    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
! G# _+ H4 \- B+ D    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
# R" U! q9 d6 |2 `. |/ l4 ?0 C3 p3 U    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
( v/ j8 w/ ~6 U. ]8 a% i$ u) n% u    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
# s4 t) S+ _+ Y. D  k9 ^    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
3 c0 W  Q- W# a) u6 _, `, W       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
8 k3 f! J" b0 o2 B  ^2 o% U8 \    Command (m for help): p
$ C4 n1 H' s. @/ j6 c    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
5 R' D% v0 Z( f6 G0 a8 l8 ]       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
0 p4 }( H; E! X* O% q( ]    Command (m for help): m
5 U5 O" ^$ s6 @    Command action
       a   toggle a bootable flag
       b   edit bsd disklabel
       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
       d   delete a partition
( N* `- c2 _& b5 B- \       l   list known partition types
6 a! d7 ^) u1 @, l- Y* v& ]       m   print this menu
4 G$ N! @, d: c       n   add a new partition
' `# r9 l( W9 Y2 D# Y$ y       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
       p   print the partition table
       q   quit without saving changes
  K5 u7 |6 k' ^) r6 q4 J) u       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
       t   change a partition's system id
       u   change display/entry units
% \) F; t: O7 k. h       v   verify the partition table
  l4 D8 d6 y0 t1 p* ]5 Y; m2 V       w   write table to disk and exit
       x   extra functionality (experts only)
    Command (m for help): n
+ ]4 B5 D& h! ]3 d1 v    Command action
       e   extended
       p   primary partition (1-4)
    p
4 g/ l' N7 g( ?' [    Partition number (1-4): 1
; w& C$ x& B' E: P6 C    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
7 t5 G7 x  @, M( t  E0 M3 _) y    Using default value 1
    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
    Command (m for help): p
) O0 B* r8 I* }0 G0 i" x    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
/ N1 i' S- Z" z! i% }+ d2 Z    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
5 S1 k6 f& k6 Z! T    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
! I/ O5 N8 @$ P4 c       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
    Command (m for help): w
( m' R( ?) Q5 V: }    The partition table has been altered!
- J( J: l; G7 }7 x3 ^    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    Syncing disks.
$ a# B% @0 |4 ^+ Q$ T" q    //格式化新分区
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1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
    Filesystem label=
    OS type: Linux
    Block size=1024 (log=0)
$ A6 Q( o6 y5 f0 i    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
+ q" [: E9 O- L! M/ X    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
- x$ A2 u. `4 q7 s: _    First data block=1
    62 block groups
    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
2 ^9 V6 h" g/ o. c2 ?    2040 inodes per group
    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
0 v( [# {+ j" \1 T" D' o# ~            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
' B  r0 z4 q, `, h0 a    Writing inode tables: done                           
    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
& z, s  k" h8 p: R- t    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
" ^' R* f1 s) a( Q2 T$ o    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
5 @- s* l  b3 F* g    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
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1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
/ |/ B) Y: E, U1 D% L5 X/ @$ \    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
. t" s! s4 O/ P; ^    //挂上新分区
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1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
   
2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
5 w' D' {  j% L; i' g    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
% s! W% |- b3 I/ S" _: P    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home
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  t6 }2 `1 i! f自动挂载：

1.           vi /etc/fstab
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2. 
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3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
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4. 
   
5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：
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1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
   
2. 
   
3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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