linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
* D3 @1 P9 F. F  Z! t+ C9 G      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
7 }- ~1 j0 Z/ n$ ]      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
, c. \4 T' }2 B+ |0 g      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
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1. df -k
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2. df -lh
   
3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
   

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
0 G" v$ [( a% z) L& z  G! D    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
3 |; C+ b& s7 p    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
1 x; M2 p: t, k/ W    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
8 w) [0 o- N. K. x$ r( f    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用
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1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
0 X2 g4 j. ]# t7 z3 Q    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
    content won't be recoverable.
, x. @' i8 i2 |  q2 p$ k: z5 X- f$ T    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
  |/ c' @  {& r* \% t    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
4 B) z7 w4 \6 E7 a0 v8 ?    Command (m for help): p
* E% u1 M" E- J  G7 i0 k    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
/ m  [$ |/ k0 J% i, c# q  L7 w    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
2 G; l# o1 D6 X: k    Command (m for help): m
2 D7 J. l$ Y2 Y- U    Command action
3 w  _* V( E+ K, z& G       a   toggle a bootable flag
$ o4 e/ D1 h" A' f, W% F0 j       b   edit bsd disklabel
       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
! m2 }1 c+ I4 Y, k" h) s# o       d   delete a partition
3 `" G  q: @; n8 d) |/ f; Z       l   list known partition types
       m   print this menu
       n   add a new partition
8 b5 z  ~% f6 M       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
5 W: p3 u! q. h! z+ r/ O( {/ U, `& S       p   print the partition table
5 W+ m) ]5 G1 S$ [8 `7 S$ ]       q   quit without saving changes
       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
       t   change a partition's system id
       u   change display/entry units
       v   verify the partition table
2 E" ?( W0 s( ^* _! V- z       w   write table to disk and exit
% v5 B  r4 I/ y8 `/ u, s8 [       x   extra functionality (experts only)
    Command (m for help): n
5 u5 y/ Y5 d; B2 f2 g    Command action
       e   extended
, d' b* U# I  W1 q' R" E       p   primary partition (1-4)
    p
    Partition number (1-4): 1
  t9 `& X( L7 Q; W) m. t    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
2 ~. k9 y2 g1 B9 P2 y    Using default value 1
    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
( [/ h! Z6 n, m) ~    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
0 u! X8 a, ?  z" e% c) U. G    Command (m for help): w
& j. W& Q. s5 j/ e1 i    The partition table has been altered!
$ f+ A) F8 W8 @4 \& T. O6 {* `    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    Syncing disks.
3 v9 F. v! b" U) [, T    //格式化新分区
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1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
    Filesystem label=
6 a( K% D: V4 }4 k7 q! p    OS type: Linux
    Block size=1024 (log=0)
    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
* f/ ?' E% i$ G' N( P; M& C    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
3 b+ s0 S7 h1 r8 P' P1 m    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
    First data block=1
    62 block groups
/ t8 F& u! ^2 p. O    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
! s1 O7 f# l3 I7 D& J6 g    2040 inodes per group
    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
    Writing inode tables: done                           
    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
2 `' |+ b& N& H! L    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
6 w6 t, A# k/ m( C0 b9 e    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
4 |$ b% H0 @  x& z1 \! F7 y    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
9 v1 P' U9 k# f3 A  d5 R2 o/ q5 C    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    //挂上新分区

1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
   
2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
- ~' L* z6 k0 ?1 h) s: h# x    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
! l2 [. j; B7 W2 M( S2 s% L    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
, t5 y2 S& T' d  N' f( W    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
) y4 _& E8 ~. e/ d7 M5 R, e    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home

自动挂载：
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1.           vi /etc/fstab
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2. 
   
3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
   
4. 
   
5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：

1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
   
2. 
   
3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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