linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
  I; T/ Y) R+ W/ C$ X      ...

1. df -k
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2. df -lh
   
3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
   

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
2 s1 d) V, M! c7 f    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
- \) F) x. I/ l( M/ \0 j  J    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用
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1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
* U( G- O, j' \" J1 f    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
    content won't be recoverable.
1 N0 _4 g  j+ t: ^! p    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
4 F3 V! t$ R8 q    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
  P% ?; L( V9 ?8 n+ X6 [    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
- g! M: W* ]2 Z, o! N    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
" V  D$ Q- l5 v: [% X5 }- F' o       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
4 K6 D; w* p0 d' m8 T    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
6 d7 l, A# H& T3 w# k    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
9 \% x7 k5 f" _4 T    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    Command (m for help): m
    Command action
* C$ @5 h$ p4 ^3 a       a   toggle a bootable flag
       b   edit bsd disklabel
       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
6 m9 K2 f. q1 G$ S; M       d   delete a partition
       l   list known partition types
' W% c, @0 C% l0 X; x4 M( j       m   print this menu
       n   add a new partition
8 B- ?3 j0 T# `       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
% \) Q- |$ }* Y) c; p0 t       p   print the partition table
       q   quit without saving changes
" `& j4 J7 {) [& t: C3 Y' F" y       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
       t   change a partition's system id
6 i2 m  P+ R' F& \& {       u   change display/entry units
" x& S( C4 r" m5 M5 J" Z% Q       v   verify the partition table
7 A6 w- ^* O" R) K1 G) y! d2 B       w   write table to disk and exit
( g2 j( ^9 n+ E       x   extra functionality (experts only)
; w2 g$ J: |3 H    Command (m for help): n
    Command action
       e   extended
$ t( B/ t  U+ i       p   primary partition (1-4)
: I& p/ P7 |. J% A- p/ c    p
    Partition number (1-4): 1
    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
1 P5 E+ u3 G9 F  _' f$ f    Using default value 1
- V' d: _4 ]; o5 Y; d7 [    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
    Command (m for help): p
4 z, f/ i) o; P: X( n5 h    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
9 c8 G& o% T" t. S+ L    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
0 C, [2 _. M( }' G+ _. M    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
6 R! w, I: Q" K+ o1 I) o; ]' \- y       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
% |, @$ u" e1 \/ C# a7 ?5 _& c    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
& Q3 G2 e* s7 f$ u0 y    Command (m for help): w
    The partition table has been altered!
6 F& n. L. y) q- \# \$ m    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
8 ~( P" m* _8 a# ?4 E    Syncing disks.
3 _1 A5 G6 U& U1 P  F    //格式化新分区
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1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
6 o1 z# l6 Q" K  _% ^% }    Filesystem label=
    OS type: Linux
    Block size=1024 (log=0)
    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
9 R. L; {, ^. H    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
8 p3 y+ {' Y1 x& Y# S, A5 O8 T    First data block=1
    62 block groups
2 l5 {1 L) l2 Y    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
    2040 inodes per group
, [$ [' f& |- e6 f# V    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
. y& c( b( i2 M5 a. `0 q& x6 P    Writing inode tables: done                           
( P, o* j* M% z" Q3 r3 q: F    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
$ `2 V* e8 L& T. d; c' _    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
! A: W( `0 k0 B. J9 e    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
5 B# m1 B$ f5 j; f    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
1 Z$ W' s8 v9 L6 G7 b4 s    //挂上新分区
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1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
   
2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
5 A- ^- [5 C2 |& k8 q/ f    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
- [. f8 B: J8 Y: x    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
) n& @$ a1 Y2 m  ?    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
  _- G0 z5 ]- Q+ V. |  R    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home
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1.           vi /etc/fstab
   
2. 
   
3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
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4. 
   
5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：
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1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
   
2. 
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3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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