linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
5 b6 V- N; L' e' m9 v  m4 Y      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
4 B0 {2 c) Z* N8 N; |! J, g: V      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
- h) ~" N2 L3 b( I" E/ ]- Q# ]      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
6 D& `# B2 U6 J3 h      ...
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1. df -k
   
2. df -lh
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3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
+ [# A4 ~5 Y( q7 _    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
) G0 b4 ~( Q3 F2 }; {' ~2 D+ G    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用
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1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
( S& J, I/ O7 E$ j; J    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
    content won't be recoverable.
. j1 [( N6 k; R' O* |$ D% a8 m    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
! x, S7 F3 s2 m    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
9 p4 \1 D" s1 ?; b    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
4 g" [$ _4 k- Z/ z9 N    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
    Command (m for help): p
7 f* x. c2 w0 S, Q& U; g  P    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
1 k, l' h) \* T    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    Command (m for help): m
7 O6 L5 k; x4 H    Command action
) m) t* V2 G# `! e/ l       a   toggle a bootable flag
. }# t0 X2 |" J" Q6 }% j       b   edit bsd disklabel
" q, O5 C% }% J3 i       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
       d   delete a partition
       l   list known partition types
       m   print this menu
       n   add a new partition
! ~6 ]$ H, u! f       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
6 p3 N3 C+ J/ l% Z: K, c) `7 ~       p   print the partition table
       q   quit without saving changes
       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
       t   change a partition's system id
8 u9 [1 G4 F* a% d       u   change display/entry units
       v   verify the partition table
       w   write table to disk and exit
$ p  J, K: d1 x5 w1 a5 q( [/ n       x   extra functionality (experts only)
' I3 {& ?' U2 K: m: e2 L    Command (m for help): n
/ _# M. r5 @+ ~2 c0 h    Command action
1 a# b+ h& V3 h9 w       e   extended
% J; S, d5 w0 Z: |& k* w7 }       p   primary partition (1-4)
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    Partition number (1-4): 1
% u1 E1 ^5 u8 d0 C    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
    Using default value 1
    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
5 A/ k+ m4 q: h! R( _  E    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
. M  U% m& T! G: I    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
  m1 Q: z) q# I! O9 e; F, W    Command (m for help): w
    The partition table has been altered!
3 Q% {; _+ |- q" L' s' x    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    Syncing disks.
    //格式化新分区
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1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
    Filesystem label=
    OS type: Linux
    Block size=1024 (log=0)
& @' S- t3 O0 v: ^    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
+ n# }; d& Z$ E- E9 V$ J    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
% @$ h: E/ z- V' i/ Q    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
    First data block=1
    62 block groups
    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
    2040 inodes per group
# z1 Y4 Q) |( K8 c    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
2 Y- [9 a; v+ P# K            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
    Writing inode tables: done                           
    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
* ~9 U( g; ~5 c* Y; r    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
; A( N# a  O0 ?/ p    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
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1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
; _# n# {7 R% B" ^    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    //挂上新分区

1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
   
2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
2 T8 x" n& |; Y. |    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
, p1 ?: @7 e& z. r    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
! t' \0 _& Z$ S  _" Q    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home

自动挂载：
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1.           vi /etc/fstab
   
2. 
   # a  H# a$ n, @8 @- t! b% U
3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
   
4. 
   
5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：
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1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
   
2. 
   
3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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