linux下添加新硬盘方法

admin

1. fdisk

复制代码

Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
, z; T( g9 }" l* _* K      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
2 h9 q/ R; [4 i% F0 i      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
( ]* X) o, Q. H/ p; U      ...
6 |8 f2 d2 g$ k) h

1. df -k
   
2. df -lh
   & C  a. t8 v8 c- g& y5 k5 h
3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
   

复制代码

文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
% E) w, p' G8 B! U    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
$ f8 B2 ^0 q2 ]- @: _9 a1 I    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用

1. fdisk /dev/hda

复制代码

Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
' ~( D0 Q$ q# \" D' `    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
    content won't be recoverable.
2 a$ l( r6 E  Y1 U7 m    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
8 D4 {) p; b/ z0 J    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
  r2 g3 o7 c: L( [       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
1 U3 S7 B8 q0 R: O    Command (m for help): m
3 X2 X& I2 I) M3 f7 ^    Command action
, x7 H# B- f4 y       a   toggle a bootable flag
, w8 o! d( C9 o( U: s  o+ D3 D       b   edit bsd disklabel
       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
       d   delete a partition
       l   list known partition types
       m   print this menu
       n   add a new partition
9 U3 q; k% e) K, Q* R: W       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
9 k' C8 z4 P  Y* Q. @1 T% C       p   print the partition table
2 {" u, k7 d% R       q   quit without saving changes
0 a) d9 A- J* B& a       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
: c: a* q1 Z# I( e" n       t   change a partition's system id
       u   change display/entry units
       v   verify the partition table
       w   write table to disk and exit
% h; @# z) E7 j( Z( c9 Y       x   extra functionality (experts only)
    Command (m for help): n
    Command action
       e   extended
       p   primary partition (1-4)
6 L3 p+ u* U2 Z+ L3 z    p
    Partition number (1-4): 1
+ J; n4 k$ O4 s& d    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
( F. c* B. J7 D+ A3 [$ A1 a( z    Using default value 1
    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
9 ^) Y! B! a0 n& @' f* C    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
) }4 g1 s- M) Y8 t8 `& ]7 V    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
! g- W: t0 A. ~  z, {5 y* Q8 ~       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
  p+ R( P/ n) n7 P, R! Y% r- g9 y    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
3 P4 C' d- t, h9 J    Command (m for help): w
5 r* w$ D. I# M& A% u    The partition table has been altered!
    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    Syncing disks.
    //格式化新分区

1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

复制代码

mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
    Filesystem label=
" l, G0 x7 q1 ]; L+ \    OS type: Linux
9 D- J2 l1 X  V# v    Block size=1024 (log=0)
/ E: a6 R3 e$ ^( h3 D) q4 l    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
, {& S' {4 ^4 o- C* ^* g    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
, c1 G: b$ m: Z8 W    First data block=1
    62 block groups
; t- v# x1 E( K    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
% B3 }2 p% w# f0 W4 B3 ^    2040 inodes per group
    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
% u4 P! J( f" }  {1 m- d5 K            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
" c. L. A4 G# u  N8 R. }    Writing inode tables: done                           
    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
) D# w  |3 y+ W; q" K1 K5 e    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
' d9 q6 C9 b/ Z6 j    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

1. df -k

复制代码

文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
' T# K: z, Y7 F( l2 R8 R+ m& q3 {    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
- w4 \& x1 c7 t8 I9 Y* U    //挂上新分区

1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
   
2. df -k

复制代码

文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
  w9 }) _; W  ~: Z; \; n- A' u* {    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
2 t6 h4 c( Z" b; y7 A) T    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
; t  ]3 w7 C6 S    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home

自动挂载：

1.           vi /etc/fstab
   3 Q0 ]- ^* g% h) l
2. 
   
3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
   & V# `0 A! s2 }! P
4. 
   ( r9 n. Y# f9 x; d. l; Y2 W
5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

复制代码

手动挂载：

1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
   
2. 
   
3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

复制代码

# n) q; e/ x) w# v) W

( l, c' Z. A6 m0 |