linux下添加新硬盘方法

admin

1. fdisk

复制代码

Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
2 d8 c) K$ X. p3 {3 |- k      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
      ...
+ W5 t. D% _1 q. M3 n4 J3 B( Q. u) j0 V

1. df -k
   2 g0 g0 ^9 g  e9 G
2. df -lh
   - M7 G; f$ y) R: R1 U% s
3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
   

复制代码

文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
. c  M& ~* A: |& f* d+ ^% w    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用

1. fdisk /dev/hda

复制代码

Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
4 ^5 y8 W, H0 e$ e3 K0 B. ~    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
5 l/ E3 g. Q: p$ T1 S  S7 B    content won't be recoverable.
    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
, |9 D6 \7 C. p3 W3 M( |5 J0 m+ B    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
* w+ r) H/ p/ M: b) u% t2 w    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
4 X2 ~! S; C- K' M, Y6 t3 i1 O$ n       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
* g6 K& Q8 K# V4 p7 C! k7 P$ K    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
" D; K) p3 M# D8 X       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
  Q) f: |. G$ e+ `8 ^    Command (m for help): m
9 u$ Y( l6 ~0 w  D; U7 g    Command action
       a   toggle a bootable flag
       b   edit bsd disklabel
+ |2 W5 A- o; s+ h% }       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
       d   delete a partition
       l   list known partition types
/ o- \' e% f, k) t; m       m   print this menu
6 L% O% N- U4 J+ y  J5 ]       n   add a new partition
       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
- `4 M( w# Q8 Q; p: c6 n       p   print the partition table
       q   quit without saving changes
       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
" k* ^) `5 I- z6 k       t   change a partition's system id
0 ?) P3 j8 Q7 t       u   change display/entry units
       v   verify the partition table
       w   write table to disk and exit
       x   extra functionality (experts only)
$ J% y' g$ w3 ?- T' A) i    Command (m for help): n
' c+ s! d5 j/ a% t5 J    Command action
+ d) d& C0 m# W       e   extended
       p   primary partition (1-4)
    p
# w) k8 \: ?0 ?' M' W1 V- J5 h    Partition number (1-4): 1
    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
    Using default value 1
    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
! q1 r# a( `# f- k/ E3 q    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
! y. P. C& x( M& s2 e9 c! u; i    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
: }5 h4 P1 D# q4 K) \       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
    Command (m for help): w
    The partition table has been altered!
8 k6 j2 h6 a* t- L$ u# B    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
: G6 k: m5 f% O2 c. f4 {    Syncing disks.
    //格式化新分区

1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

复制代码

mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
    Filesystem label=
$ p% r3 Y3 L3 k- O. }0 s# W0 M    OS type: Linux
    Block size=1024 (log=0)
    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
8 e. @7 l+ I9 x- y) x4 C4 t+ u  n    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
7 B; j: \* k, Y7 }9 A0 L    First data block=1
/ {) T/ {9 H- Y+ R; v2 S    62 block groups
9 S. N2 J4 {: g    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
    2040 inodes per group
    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
    Writing inode tables: done                           
    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
% r8 i' g( R( N2 w4 _    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

1. df -k

复制代码

文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
, ?! g8 H5 o, y3 l7 T8 l    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    //挂上新分区
. f* N5 T  E7 b3 i; Y( }0 }

1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
   
2. df -k

复制代码

文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
' k2 Y7 I+ U. }$ G    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
" C- e/ V6 {3 _8 h    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
% t% z1 x; O: X4 N+ `; d    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home
. J! n& {6 o; {. S/ ]6 r
自动挂载：
% ~0 C- C8 O# @+ a7 ^

1.           vi /etc/fstab
   
2. 
   ' ^) `  o* T- k) G9 `
3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
   ! \7 s0 M$ `- `0 Y/ V
4. 
   3 C+ y  A- w6 V3 t
5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

复制代码

手动挂载：

1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
   
2. 
   
3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

复制代码

% M  x2 D# f( D0 D9 l0 g) I