linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
7 z8 [# K9 {* I, Y  t      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
5 [, H/ l9 P" f5 \& R& F      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
# |9 \' M" P1 h: N  w4 H* ^5 G      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
, ^, ~1 t) A& V' R      ...
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1. df -k
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2. df -lh
   
3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
% O6 z0 l) r  \) Y1 y$ @    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
! J; z8 Z2 \, ~" G+ e, {1 [* s! v    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用
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1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
    content won't be recoverable.
; M& x$ m- k, D* z" h/ E    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
  h+ A4 r( M, A' }( j6 i5 E    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
' F( q5 Q6 q) v& A8 `- ^    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
9 a# F* F1 J# E) q% c. J       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
    Command (m for help): p
9 ^  l% @& Z& `    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
2 O( I! i& T! F9 `       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
( j( g1 x: d. V9 }    Command (m for help): m
    Command action
% V' J& _8 ~+ w6 I/ e& g. d' }       a   toggle a bootable flag
       b   edit bsd disklabel
! [: b# b8 w9 D+ [$ M       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
       d   delete a partition
       l   list known partition types
$ K# U, h7 D: t% H2 o& x       m   print this menu
       n   add a new partition
' u" w) ?' C" D$ m( q       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
; }: c( j/ R( v1 [       p   print the partition table
       q   quit without saving changes
, J. G" p) K7 ?! p       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
9 z4 x$ f+ t& U6 |5 [       t   change a partition's system id
       u   change display/entry units
" n2 P+ x1 f# L  o% u$ C. _       v   verify the partition table
& e4 |) i- S  j$ X3 F+ ^       w   write table to disk and exit
( k$ H8 R9 I" x& i% M       x   extra functionality (experts only)
8 n- x+ j" [; \. p7 F0 \    Command (m for help): n
8 l3 Z1 ~! R/ h% ~8 |. g8 E+ ~    Command action
       e   extended
       p   primary partition (1-4)
    p
* W* \4 d  [' V4 H% `1 P    Partition number (1-4): 1
# c. _8 z7 N/ d5 O. u    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
) J. r! F, {  x2 I1 ^    Using default value 1
+ X( w8 b$ `! F    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
" {8 Y  K) t1 L0 p! F    Command (m for help): p
8 a4 G- l3 ]/ B* f1 t- R% W    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
& y8 w7 W0 X- G1 H$ c    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
- K: J. w# J6 m" |- i' H, Z       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
    Command (m for help): w
8 x7 I: T" p7 a1 o& f3 X    The partition table has been altered!
    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    Syncing disks.
    //格式化新分区

1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
" N+ V8 j5 n- ~; }; t( ?3 d    Filesystem label=
( s* u, y( C# \  Y8 o    OS type: Linux
) U' @' J, T4 S% @9 \) m    Block size=1024 (log=0)
  K% s* o; _4 J1 [0 Q' Z    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
) o3 \! c$ A. Z' ]0 M2 {    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
    First data block=1
    62 block groups
    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
5 Z: i. i$ i# x; ]    2040 inodes per group
    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
) h9 m$ j' e! V0 U6 E    Writing inode tables: done                           
    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
. ?# l& m6 [% G) u    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
% b/ J- o4 ]- V# @    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
1 `& P) C% |, ^* D  e: d+ m    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    //挂上新分区
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1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
   
2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
+ E. i4 ~" m/ B2 }2 `    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home
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自动挂载：

1.           vi /etc/fstab
   
2. 
   
3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
   
4. 
   
5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：
5 x  w! ~- q. A0 g) U9 ?

1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
   
2. 
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3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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