linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
& X* c- e* S0 O7 A0 a      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
! Q: y' f0 v3 F1 V4 ?4 u      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
      ...
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1. df -k
   
2. df -lh
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3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
   

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
, W6 J3 v# D# D3 E  [1 n) T( C    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
% ^8 d! n. N) b9 X9 U" q    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
2 Q& E. w- J3 S! M( ?$ E* u" U    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用

1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
# I% B" [" q- C) q! D    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
. ]% c& V: p; T/ l; |7 ?: G$ H    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
# q# B: L9 }( B- `/ M    content won't be recoverable.
    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
# A" s. b% S, ^    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
  m0 t+ o- J- d    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
3 ^* S, H, W+ v- w( {3 L* q       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
, s& e3 t- c+ m- F1 ^" P; H    Command (m for help): p
& }" f6 ~9 m6 y& s  I1 ]    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
" Z$ O, m/ R5 L3 \' W1 W    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    Command (m for help): m
* a8 j5 L  T: f    Command action
       a   toggle a bootable flag
       b   edit bsd disklabel
) k- _, @5 A3 A3 k       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
* E( i, I- S: Z) `6 ?: L       d   delete a partition
       l   list known partition types
0 c$ P+ X& Y' o" t/ W" T7 v) z+ O/ k       m   print this menu
       n   add a new partition
       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
       p   print the partition table
  D5 Z1 e$ h3 S1 \) p       q   quit without saving changes
! H# w. ~# }) E       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
       t   change a partition's system id
       u   change display/entry units
" U+ z# d. p9 {       v   verify the partition table
       w   write table to disk and exit
+ P8 N! P( \' z2 J! Q       x   extra functionality (experts only)
    Command (m for help): n
    Command action
       e   extended
       p   primary partition (1-4)
    p
  y" ]7 ]* t1 R. y    Partition number (1-4): 1
    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
$ h  y: {! V! H8 [  i" y/ A2 y" ~    Using default value 1
$ S* `- b& v3 w$ J& _, {    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
3 @+ `: p$ C8 t) s5 D    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
% o7 P/ G0 ~4 ]& |/ u0 V2 D    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
    Command (m for help): w
    The partition table has been altered!
    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
* _& \% {& |, {2 G7 K/ p    Syncing disks.
* {3 F: S- K; e( W' ?    //格式化新分区
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1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
/ l2 m/ E5 Q9 ~7 f  c    Filesystem label=
2 z6 S& i% i- w5 }% x# u( W3 B    OS type: Linux
; g+ d4 l- T) y3 o$ S! T    Block size=1024 (log=0)
    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
    First data block=1
8 d9 M& e5 K  T* W    62 block groups
3 k) @$ z! ^: l, q3 k$ j    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
6 N8 g8 w0 e4 [0 U/ X( H$ K! K    2040 inodes per group
    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
* E# W6 S0 X5 Y. h8 u            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
    Writing inode tables: done                           
    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
, Z! n* ~' Z; y+ w( n    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
, N* w/ e  z6 w! h, L" Z    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
4 y( Z: C8 o' i0 c- ]    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
8 _0 `8 {. X) F& q8 L    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    //挂上新分区

1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
   
2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
9 i" m* v7 b8 h# y6 h' l    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
% l9 G( s+ B& z4 G8 h0 z9 D    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home
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1 v# B( O# X. C' V5 N* _% N. k" O自动挂载：
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1.           vi /etc/fstab
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2. 
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3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
   
4. 
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5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：
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1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
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2. 
   
3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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