linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
# f6 l! f. u5 M7 E+ P! w      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
% o' u: m$ r; R! w- C      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
      ...

1. df -k
   
2. df -lh
   
3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
   ! L4 p, b+ q  A

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
4 _3 K3 p( j; d0 T3 Z% i    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
5 a5 ~  h% ?: {4 N    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用
5 G7 i$ E& P- {

1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
# r) W$ V: U3 I" @! K    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
9 z, t5 b( Y( B3 a/ f- z    content won't be recoverable.
. _" w8 s8 ~. w& P1 A    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
6 F0 @" \4 W# h$ o' S! ?3 k$ d    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
9 \" L2 M1 k6 i; |5 w    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
/ ^( R7 H: v# s; v    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
, C6 ^2 P3 ]  [7 t- H/ h       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
. g& j8 N+ Q/ D" D  t6 N5 ?9 b    Command (m for help): m
    Command action
& o% `( {1 {* p6 j  p( e4 O" J       a   toggle a bootable flag
       b   edit bsd disklabel
       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
       d   delete a partition
       l   list known partition types
       m   print this menu
( U$ s0 n* M$ j, V) {       n   add a new partition
       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
       p   print the partition table
       q   quit without saving changes
       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
       t   change a partition's system id
- O- y+ ~9 X9 y5 l5 M1 v0 Y       u   change display/entry units
       v   verify the partition table
8 }5 P) n5 m# y& _, w& k       w   write table to disk and exit
* J* L  G$ m( p       x   extra functionality (experts only)
. }3 J0 g/ k' s1 ]) D) [) K0 c    Command (m for help): n
9 \$ A2 p& T+ e/ x% U    Command action
7 ~2 J5 [( @' H- D       e   extended
       p   primary partition (1-4)
    p
    Partition number (1-4): 1
    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
    Using default value 1
+ o3 j5 y; I  ?* B$ e; g: G2 X    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
    Command (m for help): p
% z  g: M6 W/ d5 X* M4 w' c    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
  `2 y; j# ?: [* E- \& e( D    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
% V# m5 m% B; L! A% i, S: ^    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
    Command (m for help): w
    The partition table has been altered!
    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    Syncing disks.
    //格式化新分区

1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
: B3 r; k5 @; I! @    Filesystem label=
* h# w3 E  j7 ]4 V: W    OS type: Linux
# a% k# ~7 q# X) B. Z    Block size=1024 (log=0)
2 N: y( f1 ^$ Y" f; I3 ]1 e" G    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
; [+ @) n, C. g2 u2 l; \    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
    First data block=1
/ Q# p4 k1 z) ~) ^* ]    62 block groups
$ C+ G6 r( A% K. g    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
( L4 x/ T, d9 ~/ N+ a7 [2 F    2040 inodes per group
    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
) `/ \2 B& \$ W' H& z; Y/ t    Writing inode tables: done                           
" H" `8 h8 R- ~4 {' N$ j    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
% u9 O# }4 W/ r4 G    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
* b- B2 [0 r$ p, [' p$ v    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
: A- @# k; ?) T    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    //挂上新分区

1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
   
2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
, {  o" \# l& B+ h; q9 y9 b) n    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
3 V) f: S. w. v6 ]# Z" e6 ~    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
  P  `. n# K( l: r4 H7 H  n$ N- R    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home
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6 o8 o( A; b8 n: A自动挂载：

1.           vi /etc/fstab
   
2. 
   + V/ s7 r/ p* _3 h
3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
   
4. 
   ' A2 e' |5 z2 l. k% s
5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：
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1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
   3 ?9 l* K& T0 v6 b
2. 
   
3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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/ ^. A* y2 _8 Q7 G) p( l
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