linux下添加新硬盘方法

admin

1. fdisk

复制代码

Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
      ...
+ L8 [3 Y" G9 Q& ?4 k  |( O, y/ l

1. df -k
   * }. c( @* U$ q5 F  e
2. df -lh
   
3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
   

复制代码

文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
" q$ n$ m# v8 U) ~. G0 t, a    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
" }& v/ s  J. L  \, Y2 \( a' k    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用
3 ?7 ]6 E6 M' x' l

1. fdisk /dev/hda

复制代码

Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
, `  m3 n8 |. {8 d3 A    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
    content won't be recoverable.
) t% C7 a9 g" s+ B: a/ \5 c    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
/ `2 F( r! N* X    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
' D$ H* D/ O- z/ T       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
% k. j( L; p& |1 g  u* r    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
    Command (m for help): p
* }  u6 u: I. A- w1 z# o) G    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
: }- Y& t7 g! a    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
5 a: E* R3 n1 h    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
. ~) r/ l. H& X2 ?       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
5 m9 p% s1 w9 G  C    Command (m for help): m
    Command action
       a   toggle a bootable flag
% O' t$ _! t  W  l       b   edit bsd disklabel
       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
       d   delete a partition
8 [7 B0 u7 T8 d- J; a. O; p       l   list known partition types
       m   print this menu
       n   add a new partition
       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
       p   print the partition table
, }6 N! Q: L: P4 F  Q, m. ?2 r       q   quit without saving changes
       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
       t   change a partition's system id
       u   change display/entry units
       v   verify the partition table
+ b2 E8 m: C+ v( z1 c& j. T       w   write table to disk and exit
       x   extra functionality (experts only)
% J( _) w8 S& r3 M    Command (m for help): n
4 e0 j- h$ N- o    Command action
       e   extended
       p   primary partition (1-4)
    p
    Partition number (1-4): 1
    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
6 H' z2 e8 c7 k* b: _; I1 W    Using default value 1
    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
    Command (m for help): p
. s9 h4 S2 h' ~    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
. f( i$ G& R3 U; D) o7 k5 }    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
; z! }. p9 i% j* l       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
$ [, M/ Q$ G" @    Command (m for help): w
# ^$ n4 h1 f$ y; O. _. o! r9 k    The partition table has been altered!
. q0 k8 `8 q4 d) |    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    Syncing disks.
% u2 o' x( e6 ~9 H6 c: E    //格式化新分区

1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

复制代码

mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
    Filesystem label=
9 A, L$ [- q0 g! ?9 |! u    OS type: Linux
    Block size=1024 (log=0)
    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
    First data block=1
; U2 q6 z3 F; g0 @) n7 M    62 block groups
    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
7 d6 Q9 r: [6 R" C: l    2040 inodes per group
6 l$ g! ?5 |. z- G8 o    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
; O1 g: o2 t4 W5 _; t            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
    Writing inode tables: done                           
1 c9 G7 h3 R' ^! r+ y    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

1. df -k

复制代码

文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
* @$ G' d1 p3 G' e: G    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
1 |; \+ S3 G, P7 o* {. B/ ^    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
8 O9 I7 B/ E8 Q! T9 v    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    //挂上新分区
5 x8 {& o( L! T1 ^9 A* \

1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
   + D  L# s1 C, a7 q6 ]& W. f
2. df -k

复制代码

文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
2 X& T4 ^$ ^* y! H- @    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
4 }5 @! V" w5 A" u% p; [    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home

5 C( Z; v1 T: E, C自动挂载：
7 G& V4 V* I8 t

1.           vi /etc/fstab
   ( P) f6 O5 C- G; _& o- m9 a
2. 
   
3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
   8 p* J8 H9 K+ L" @" F$ |
4. 
   5 |: ?) n0 g- S7 C8 W  f9 }
5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

复制代码

手动挂载：

1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
   
2. 
   7 f; J4 w* h0 ~; G3 [
3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

复制代码

1 m2 k6 }6 }, t1 A( }+ q
- d. j2 L& o3 [& M3 U
8 y* q# ?  [9 ~( Z; U( X4 K3 m