linux下添加新硬盘方法

admin

1. fdisk

复制代码

Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
) A3 X/ i* F- d, O      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
! t& P$ e3 K: R) d7 q6 @      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
      ...

1. df -k
   
2. df -lh
     A, Z9 X+ B, a9 P0 o* Q& A
3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
   

复制代码

文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
& X  [# V) l9 [- D$ w9 |4 |    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
0 l5 {+ w$ R  F$ S    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用

1. fdisk /dev/hda

复制代码

Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
! Q9 }: U6 ?" P, x    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
- o2 r7 J  k! v, ^) u2 k1 e    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
    content won't be recoverable.
    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
' V* ?; r7 d: X$ a7 \    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
5 z# b5 H6 ]: J0 F1 _  n: @- k- l    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
, Q# }! |" W% @" o    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
3 q: F$ ^' Q$ p) K; M, ~7 W7 ^       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
6 B5 Y1 a% S. m4 T    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
2 V9 C# {5 L4 K& [. ^+ z    Command (m for help): p
0 n% }0 E! ]2 @5 z: o# \    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
8 m$ _' X% l; a4 W1 G  v       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    Command (m for help): m
    Command action
" S6 C1 _' H, g+ h* j) k       a   toggle a bootable flag
       b   edit bsd disklabel
. t" C/ U- |) m* e! g% }       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
* a: A, ?4 G  Y       d   delete a partition
       l   list known partition types
0 N6 s& L% O+ O. A" @       m   print this menu
       n   add a new partition
       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
6 Q" P: ?; }+ E& ?" [/ o' ?       p   print the partition table
) n+ p7 H! F+ Y. j       q   quit without saving changes
9 ~2 u5 d9 T3 X6 Z. I+ C/ |- `/ O  x       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
       t   change a partition's system id
       u   change display/entry units
       v   verify the partition table
       w   write table to disk and exit
; A$ H+ m9 Y3 `  y# Q6 X$ H       x   extra functionality (experts only)
* q, V: J/ z7 D! k' f    Command (m for help): n
    Command action
# e, q; \( w' E       e   extended
0 M/ |2 }/ D/ I( J* X. U7 }+ |       p   primary partition (1-4)
, Z- i! ?0 l5 ]0 t; W9 g' D    p
6 ^7 c8 ?! p' H    Partition number (1-4): 1
6 m3 n  |- Z# U8 S% a9 Q% y' c    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
0 i) n0 r6 G# X4 i0 x) `    Using default value 1
    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
    Command (m for help): p
& u# c. C+ ^2 R1 G# z) P    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
2 z- r, J7 k3 z' S) Q& X    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
) B& F& e9 a  v) U6 \0 V       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
    Command (m for help): w
    The partition table has been altered!
& f" x% V- x2 y! t% X4 e    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
6 x& O% `9 g2 A; T( o2 w  s    Syncing disks.
3 r: @: P5 q$ q- W5 z# _    //格式化新分区
2 E) p9 f# C' Q# Y) a9 G

1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

复制代码

mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
( t6 T1 J# W9 h; v$ `    Filesystem label=
3 E  A" T6 n5 U) T    OS type: Linux
    Block size=1024 (log=0)
    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
/ U0 K' L5 d1 o3 k/ u3 W    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
" W" }) s! L" r3 Y) B( }    First data block=1
# B( e3 H& E* p& y6 |8 e    62 block groups
    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
    2040 inodes per group
/ y0 |3 K; ?( L9 U( h; e( D# f' S    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
$ H* F0 T0 o$ j4 E8 k: v/ }            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
9 {" \' g) V# a# n/ v/ g  A    Writing inode tables: done                           
    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

1. df -k

复制代码

文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
& u2 |- _  ~/ J3 |; C; v( `4 f    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
3 {1 a/ `. O) j; b; n/ N) C    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    //挂上新分区

1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
     |+ |' h5 z: S! y
2. df -k

复制代码

文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
$ U* v9 P' a5 M. [. C+ l' Z    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home

自动挂载：

1.           vi /etc/fstab
   
2. 
   8 `2 K( F. z3 }( w+ x
3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
   
4. 
   
5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

复制代码

手动挂载：
- s5 ?$ g% J9 K# ^6 g( f5 r' a

1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
   
2. 
   
3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

复制代码

! I! A  O0 c7 M, U" a
) h/ G. [1 @$ P$ D