linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
2 x" A$ r, ^8 {/ D8 W6 T8 _) P      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
' G3 Q3 v. t% q1 [2 b( T' b      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
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1. df -k
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2. df -lh
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3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
   

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
9 T; y7 D% I$ _. N- E$ K    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
* ^3 F* U0 E) w" \: x" G    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用
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1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
1 V+ b+ N: O3 f& \1 u6 |    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
1 U" D0 A- o1 E3 R  T    content won't be recoverable.
; p6 m- Y( o' C% @' \# m) R    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
( ]- S0 |, g! X$ H* o    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
, \0 v9 p; ^! e; W4 m  g7 u) f& M    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
, q! @/ i6 p! S8 Q+ u    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
$ a" o  e9 s+ i0 n4 }       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
$ Q2 M! N& ^/ ~; x9 |6 _; p' Z    Command (m for help): m
    Command action
       a   toggle a bootable flag
       b   edit bsd disklabel
       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
       d   delete a partition
/ G- V1 g6 R' X( N+ Y       l   list known partition types
8 P# N" @. P& L4 j! U- T       m   print this menu
       n   add a new partition
: t- {3 D; S& i: k" `       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
8 _* d4 r! Q# F% v       p   print the partition table
- `* ~0 f9 Q4 @3 P. Z       q   quit without saving changes
* E7 I- W5 r+ O6 Y2 M" R( d' s7 b1 C       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
       t   change a partition's system id
. x5 Y7 o$ h- Y4 B, M5 K       u   change display/entry units
1 h& ?3 Y7 \0 x       v   verify the partition table
       w   write table to disk and exit
       x   extra functionality (experts only)
# ~% Z% o7 y! K. ?8 N. M: Q$ {    Command (m for help): n
1 H4 Z2 h5 W/ L6 ^/ _0 R    Command action
       e   extended
       p   primary partition (1-4)
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: |8 ~4 @% z3 d% ^% M' o    Partition number (1-4): 1
    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
    Using default value 1
5 {! G6 N- G  p, A    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
    Command (m for help): p
. D6 d/ x, ]3 @; ^" x2 w    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
4 D  w  j, `$ o) j( z' t! p, F: w    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
) g4 C( Z8 `9 S    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
  E0 j+ R8 ~) N' |* E/ w       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
    Command (m for help): w
    The partition table has been altered!
    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
# Y8 Z' M4 t9 X) d$ N    Syncing disks.
: D) S% [! `8 a1 y0 e) S    //格式化新分区
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1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
- Y1 l4 Q3 H0 v6 x% \- I    Filesystem label=
    OS type: Linux
    Block size=1024 (log=0)
5 p* p6 m( n& G" s' ]+ O1 s    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
0 \0 }/ A6 P! g  n$ v+ W    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
    First data block=1
    62 block groups
2 O7 ^, m4 Y7 F/ y8 [% C    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
* @* _% K! k0 l8 B. r* P* J  {- R    2040 inodes per group
    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
    Writing inode tables: done                           
6 O4 f! R$ Y4 j% r$ V! q    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
/ w+ Y) V% _  z! ?+ A6 J8 d9 O    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
9 O# j4 Y- B: h( I% u1 e    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
- r: G* S- J9 O; }7 i, V/ D1 }9 p    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
' M7 s4 M3 V% b6 C) O    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    //挂上新分区

1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
   
2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
- W2 c6 J+ K* k2 G+ [% o2 E% G    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
* B; S. ?8 p% R7 I4 [" D/ G    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
! g; J" ~: O/ z5 k    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
, h# @0 c' f) P$ \0 k" b    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home
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# H* n& M( w/ L# O) h  Z. S自动挂载：

1.           vi /etc/fstab
   
2. 
   
3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
   
4. 
   
5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：
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1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
   
2. 
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3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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