linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
8 `1 ?4 \* I2 v9 R# Y6 @: @      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
      ...

1. df -k
   
2. df -lh
   
3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
   

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
+ S9 D: L4 `4 X    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
0 }1 t& P; F: N, q  Q, h    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用
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1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
6 F7 k  |7 C3 k2 Q# \, z& \1 a4 E/ K    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
2 f+ a& M+ |$ C& ^6 s( p& O1 E    content won't be recoverable.
    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
  ?0 D8 D  {3 X5 M# P    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
6 I& m" F, G  Q    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
; k8 g/ a7 K. H3 C    Command (m for help): m
    Command action
; P% V4 G) D7 u, p) C; {$ ^: e' G       a   toggle a bootable flag
       b   edit bsd disklabel
       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
+ c5 m+ A7 H+ F. |       d   delete a partition
) j- F8 a6 I- s- |' P' H       l   list known partition types
       m   print this menu
  K* u) e# U3 }2 ^2 G) J       n   add a new partition
       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
1 X! J; m8 p4 ]3 W. [, F       p   print the partition table
: @  b0 t4 O7 ?8 H6 J$ q1 m       q   quit without saving changes
       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
       t   change a partition's system id
  ?0 s0 B& M( ~0 o  n       u   change display/entry units
       v   verify the partition table
       w   write table to disk and exit
       x   extra functionality (experts only)
    Command (m for help): n
    Command action
       e   extended
) a" A1 Q+ `' s; O! G) F0 b) P& d) K! {       p   primary partition (1-4)
! Z, B3 o9 D  s+ L- {    p
; ^0 ]. Z/ b9 ]& P: m    Partition number (1-4): 1
/ \% q; f. U7 r4 g    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
    Using default value 1
1 ?5 h, O. o4 a0 s    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
$ j! f1 Y8 \+ Q: j# `* g! `; q    Command (m for help): p
/ e, L+ ^, @( s6 N    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
    Command (m for help): w
0 p. ~5 s3 y3 T* t    The partition table has been altered!
6 O" m" v- L" J' c    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
6 _* _& y1 I6 i3 v* j; V    Syncing disks.
    //格式化新分区

1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
% O* w7 l5 p$ y& N' ]9 P9 j6 ?    Filesystem label=
" z. ?; M9 X$ C, q4 u$ Q    OS type: Linux
    Block size=1024 (log=0)
' [0 g; l0 W5 `6 @/ k: e    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
& f& _  u  N$ s" G( i    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
! g9 v. q( _' W" b2 Y0 M    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
3 c, O- m6 F; Z7 z& [    First data block=1
    62 block groups
: U! {6 ~6 E7 A! A) t; x; P    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
    2040 inodes per group
    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
4 q' d& o# i' O' R' V' H            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
    Writing inode tables: done                           
) n, _& L- E1 |! K* ^. }7 L    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
9 C9 a6 w( H4 k2 R. x3 X  |    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
7 n6 u7 p$ c# c; j5 G    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
% J$ H! o' N' m' G0 x5 F& B

1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
$ R0 @  U. _4 X" f, b    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    //挂上新分区

1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
   
2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
# l" d4 k8 f: ?: _- e8 r5 b    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
5 s8 w: b& v; W. n    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
, {3 E, \0 w: c) _) v    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home
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自动挂载：
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1.           vi /etc/fstab
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2. 
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3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
   # r# D' K! @5 H. k: x! X
4. 
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5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：

1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
   
2. 
   
3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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