linux下添加新硬盘方法

admin

1. fdisk

复制代码

Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
$ g, N7 z2 m) w1 E7 ^9 n: f      ...

1. df -k
   
2. df -lh
   
3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
   ( `  J+ U% A) M, ]+ {- Y% @% y4 D

复制代码

文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用
2 e4 v" r2 V5 A3 P

1. fdisk /dev/hda

复制代码

Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
$ s- r& w4 P! Z$ }$ t' v    content won't be recoverable.
2 I! T, S3 C# [7 ~- Q) C    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
* [9 b& R2 C$ O% ]0 T    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
1 l2 |4 X- l2 ~/ p    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
: g- e- m' J2 _3 i+ U    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
1 d9 N, L- A$ b0 D8 y5 r0 |    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
) V, y+ u1 l1 A# E6 ]4 _       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    Command (m for help): m
    Command action
       a   toggle a bootable flag
       b   edit bsd disklabel
5 `8 @% ^( s) g: J' M       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
2 H6 x7 Z2 H; {0 e       d   delete a partition
       l   list known partition types
0 [- ^0 b. v, q# }       m   print this menu
       n   add a new partition
       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
# I- M: a7 U1 L       p   print the partition table
       q   quit without saving changes
       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
       t   change a partition's system id
7 ?. |$ A$ X9 x       u   change display/entry units
. L- n2 @! C  l! F       v   verify the partition table
: y, d% G+ D2 H& l3 \, H% n       w   write table to disk and exit
& X$ A; A3 D' M: R* `       x   extra functionality (experts only)
3 J6 k4 ?( b" a  |8 Q    Command (m for help): n
8 ^( ]/ o3 e) ^) ^* K    Command action
       e   extended
       p   primary partition (1-4)
    p
    Partition number (1-4): 1
    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
, `- Q5 k& d1 F    Using default value 1
    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
0 {) {5 A/ I& m; U3 h# r    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
/ v  U$ c9 O, o; I1 N8 T    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
    Command (m for help): w
    The partition table has been altered!
    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
& M- g9 i* x; r7 R+ [    Syncing disks.
! r0 k4 j4 e: L9 `1 q5 h" C    //格式化新分区

1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

复制代码

mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
    Filesystem label=
    OS type: Linux
$ {2 U: M' S/ |& k+ q+ r. R$ F    Block size=1024 (log=0)
+ z6 s8 c7 G/ X    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
    First data block=1
    62 block groups
" Q. I6 T0 J& k' P    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
  }8 R, V+ P5 u1 I+ {" }: `- o    2040 inodes per group
    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
# H6 v8 T3 G. G2 b7 w. A            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
    Writing inode tables: done                           
% M' e1 A- I/ U: ?9 D    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
8 r  l! E' Y9 J" v! X    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
4 O) G! Q+ m& `! b

1. df -k

复制代码

文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
0 W  ^% R3 o, l4 f; \/ V5 Q) [    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
3 N5 i, h8 |4 q! D! B! F    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
# Z8 v; x' H. d6 J    //挂上新分区

1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
   1 C: {( r# s1 Y) ~4 Q+ Z
2. df -k

复制代码

文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
/ Y" y4 ~! R6 m4 M* `% Z) W4 Z    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home
$ @& ^+ ^: R$ R, j8 n* |3 H
* X" X7 z/ A* z& W+ @/ R& E自动挂载：

1.           vi /etc/fstab
   1 z! t$ d: e" W) c/ D3 e, v
2. 
   
3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
   
4. 
   
5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

复制代码

手动挂载：

1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
   2 M) _4 p5 P% p) A" c
2. 
   : E5 X0 W5 K2 t0 U$ V
3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

复制代码