linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
      ...
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1. df -k
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2. df -lh
   
3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
   # x5 N) C* K, u# O: [

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
) _- u! ?6 o% Z; F4 C9 c& p% M    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
; D; d# |8 H2 g6 v6 I    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用
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1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
6 C9 I: `9 }9 T/ c0 I2 g3 H    content won't be recoverable.
    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
7 _" f4 ^, w* a3 ^; T    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
- G' G& r& c# X    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
  s# h6 _6 v$ L9 U& `       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
4 u7 P7 z9 \" g    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
8 M/ E% C6 A! _& w       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    Command (m for help): m
    Command action
2 |) v# E1 w1 Q: J7 L# C1 D% K       a   toggle a bootable flag
6 Z$ Y6 ~! q; i( f4 t2 n       b   edit bsd disklabel
       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
       d   delete a partition
       l   list known partition types
       m   print this menu
       n   add a new partition
       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
       p   print the partition table
       q   quit without saving changes
1 f: k" }( e9 g       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
       t   change a partition's system id
       u   change display/entry units
3 q7 B  V9 }4 F3 M$ m4 @       v   verify the partition table
' N- V# E  T' w& y( h! }% v       w   write table to disk and exit
       x   extra functionality (experts only)
7 X3 @! ^  ?9 y, x    Command (m for help): n
    Command action
       e   extended
       p   primary partition (1-4)
    p
$ O5 Y# m7 i- o; V  l% @9 j    Partition number (1-4): 1
    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
. p6 u4 J, ]4 o$ i1 l1 v6 N- f    Using default value 1
8 o; U* @7 q- @! v) U    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
2 i+ a( ?8 O8 T" M8 E    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
4 K! K; s: d0 }( c8 w8 @5 Q# E    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
    Command (m for help): w
    The partition table has been altered!
    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
. M, e9 t4 g( w0 b0 i. V* @    Syncing disks.
" W5 v6 @7 G3 L! K% `    //格式化新分区
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1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
/ z+ q, B+ J, _* D4 S( u    Filesystem label=
    OS type: Linux
    Block size=1024 (log=0)
    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
1 B9 G+ x+ p: X" h; K    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
$ a% Y4 n+ f2 D    First data block=1
    62 block groups
+ b* k0 L. y: p. I; v6 W    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
    2040 inodes per group
    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
    Writing inode tables: done                           
    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
  C, a) g( u$ e- m    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
4 A+ n0 N8 b* c    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
# L7 Y+ u8 {8 ]' Q* U* J& x$ m    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
3 z/ N" W, W% v: ?7 L& R: }    //挂上新分区
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1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
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2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
, `( P8 X) J3 c  _    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
( A9 ]8 @9 R- c2 J. k" E8 V    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
5 L7 s- f' g# j# K    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home

! n/ b4 Q) t- X9 _0 |1 _3 |$ \自动挂载：
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1.           vi /etc/fstab
   
2. 
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3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
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4. 
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5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：

1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
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2. 
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3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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