linux下添加新硬盘方法

admin

1. fdisk

复制代码

Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
% q3 Y) ^! y! S8 W) s; V      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
% H, D6 _2 r# P; Q# A( d, q* A: H9 }      ...

1. df -k
   
2. df -lh
   
3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
   1 e+ }9 d# P! ~$ a5 M; B

复制代码

文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
) @  e- W8 D- r' Q0 G0 ]    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
3 W! X# H3 ^  o( J    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用
. D( p9 i& y8 Z% p1 Y) J

1. fdisk /dev/hda

复制代码

Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
6 K% W; y  y3 ?! |) ?  x    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
    content won't be recoverable.
. W- Y% T3 h! K- t; v# V- g* A    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
# X! U3 l4 j: k& R    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
  i, Y, u$ [3 o    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
8 v0 V( Y0 X: W0 ~    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
1 P( x( D% W/ x7 t5 q/ j    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
9 _( H% d0 O) \" T: X" O6 v    Command (m for help): p
# a/ p- I8 {% y0 K# h6 y    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
7 I9 K* P0 i2 E' J+ e0 ]* V6 q    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
' e; a6 M' }* `) e  c0 b" q    Command (m for help): m
    Command action
       a   toggle a bootable flag
# v: R% {9 D# C5 N4 F       b   edit bsd disklabel
       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
, A9 i7 k. y* O# Q3 ^7 @5 m  r8 O, X       d   delete a partition
       l   list known partition types
  a/ P9 m  Y; b! Z8 J8 G  n% k3 d       m   print this menu
) w; |& h% G0 U0 n* L, H2 H       n   add a new partition
- I# [/ o% T2 A" F0 s       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
       p   print the partition table
( s8 c: E! h, y3 Y. ~, \7 x       q   quit without saving changes
       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
       t   change a partition's system id
5 h2 v2 W. {: O0 G5 l5 v% d! C       u   change display/entry units
       v   verify the partition table
, t& B, ?/ j3 U- ~9 w  T7 P       w   write table to disk and exit
: {1 Y$ s/ C$ D. f$ A( a       x   extra functionality (experts only)
    Command (m for help): n
    Command action
2 X; B$ {# {/ _+ J1 |* V1 P+ m4 R       e   extended
       p   primary partition (1-4)
    p
* T6 m) S, s# K( _9 k    Partition number (1-4): 1
    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
8 P3 J& x. J( |7 F; R, ^6 t3 c    Using default value 1
    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
; r& m. S" z! {: G    Command (m for help): w
, S" M9 P, m, U5 X* y- K    The partition table has been altered!
    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
' |) D+ W: |9 s. Y0 g9 }    Syncing disks.
! f: g. N* ^5 z* T    //格式化新分区

1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

复制代码

mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
' E5 ?3 |) K# g# M( p; u    Filesystem label=
3 p4 |0 ~' p" L4 `' z% X& e2 q( p( b    OS type: Linux
    Block size=1024 (log=0)
    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
; ^, t4 w4 _2 q$ [2 }; N1 X, ]3 y    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
$ e, B; U& Z" i) [* c& p    First data block=1
    62 block groups
    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
  G* |. K2 r" h) s. A7 W+ V8 y    2040 inodes per group
    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
! v% E6 t7 @8 a2 c; }            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
3 C, v8 i( A& I9 s    Writing inode tables: done                           
    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
+ r1 h& P2 M- ~3 F; I& M4 [    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
: ]1 \4 x* r  R: y; `/ i' m    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

1. df -k

复制代码

文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
0 x9 }2 x- D: _    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
3 W  \+ f/ T2 x4 b    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    //挂上新分区

1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
   
2. df -k

复制代码

文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
( I& x# {! z; K  y: c. W    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home
- _+ D* q' O! f6 k6 F# K2 Q1 s( v
+ T: m& O0 a/ t+ |2 r0 Q" w& O) H7 b自动挂载：

1.           vi /etc/fstab
   8 `" w8 x3 D* W$ P8 Q
2. 
   0 u( g$ i! ]+ c7 e
3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
   
4. 
   
5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

复制代码

手动挂载：
8 d3 a; ?( B) R4 N, {% r" B

1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
   ) r8 F% x1 g9 O& D( \- z3 L8 e' k
2. 
   
3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

复制代码

, t, @1 I9 |6 _& n: ?' f7 [4 f
9 b8 T% H4 S, [6 n  W) x2 ^- [