linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
- b* H. H# O+ W      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
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1. df -k
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2. df -lh
   
3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
   

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
2 v4 G$ ]2 m& O5 @6 @    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
- J* \7 j# p- [" ]3 k: c    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用

1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
2 f% ~/ c, N; P" {    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
5 `# }$ o8 Y; t' c# }) j    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
    content won't be recoverable.
+ V5 {6 z- V& `3 Y    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
! _9 _9 I& m3 t6 P    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
9 d7 v2 k* R" f$ r# w( T' v    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
$ |0 |/ b  A7 b    Command (m for help): p
& Z$ m. M3 ^# V" @    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
0 N* C" N$ X' m' B    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
! z* t% Q8 p0 R4 y& e  d+ Q    Command (m for help): m
  U- Y+ a- P3 A5 h& g( m3 h- j( o9 Z5 K    Command action
       a   toggle a bootable flag
       b   edit bsd disklabel
* E) f; M& h6 p1 h+ [       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
       d   delete a partition
0 C7 _8 _3 B9 F9 r       l   list known partition types
7 N, w" ~+ N- `  F7 X       m   print this menu
       n   add a new partition
+ j% x" v+ `' {. Z" `       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
       p   print the partition table
       q   quit without saving changes
0 S  D4 v) I- |$ ^6 W* E5 `' v       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
       t   change a partition's system id
, \) x6 |! p) s1 q9 t3 {       u   change display/entry units
       v   verify the partition table
9 F) u2 @9 G5 q+ J       w   write table to disk and exit
       x   extra functionality (experts only)
2 b' {/ U3 Z6 X, L& ~. r    Command (m for help): n
    Command action
  @' P+ B+ R4 L6 _       e   extended
       p   primary partition (1-4)
    p
    Partition number (1-4): 1
& E# n7 {+ ~1 K. X  n* R4 h    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
  E3 m. A2 ~% _+ K    Using default value 1
. T2 l# k9 }* z    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
3 D3 x! D5 A" j. s/ \( r    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
/ W; \' O; y8 A    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
) Y2 A! G% w2 x& V0 f    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
4 |' C, W0 t4 c* b, d5 P       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
! s4 P3 C& Y! V! X+ f/ R    Command (m for help): w
    The partition table has been altered!
2 [' X, s* O1 A    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    Syncing disks.
2 F8 h; a9 C$ u. {: Y" P8 w, {& X( v    //格式化新分区

1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
. N2 Q( Z. j: K9 M    Filesystem label=
    OS type: Linux
    Block size=1024 (log=0)
    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
    First data block=1
$ b3 H- E; T( n    62 block groups
    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
    2040 inodes per group
; B9 K3 r- U* G6 g    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
    Writing inode tables: done                           
    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
. H1 F! e4 q* y( q  W! z4 \    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
0 `+ ~  e) C  j, t2 a    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
9 o4 T& N$ E& s! ?    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
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1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
* d# ~* U% u+ _2 |# S9 s    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
6 D8 y( c' y* y# n% i3 C3 V    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    //挂上新分区
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1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
   
2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
; Y% g8 v# b' B# |    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
  K" T: P+ ]& D2 w+ h2 y$ k    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home
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自动挂载：
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1.           vi /etc/fstab
   
2. 
   
3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
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4. 
   
5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：
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1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
   
2. 
   
3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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