linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
3 b! W8 Q% v1 v( A      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
3 n0 H* a; ?& l9 f7 ?$ M3 {  K! P  K( a      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
; H7 V7 A* i4 g8 X# h      ...
# z; {, {' D/ O9 q: b# O

1. df -k
   
2. df -lh
   
3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
   8 g9 i7 V8 V  a& v

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
% i: q. R* O( b/ L' _5 L: v, R) _    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
6 k# j8 Z5 E) A( o: z* w7 ^    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
  `' \+ g' k2 s) k' W0 j) H    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用

1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
+ ~; Q- ]  H, d- V! R' b    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
0 n- s( N, I, R: D1 f    content won't be recoverable.
    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
2 Z' I: K6 e3 `/ l    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
/ V) P3 n2 Y, O7 c, s: n+ o2 M, Q# ]    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
0 Q! C( I3 m5 n# o- W       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
    Command (m for help): p
$ d% ?/ M; T4 k/ v6 f( c: F8 i% o5 u0 U    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
: B; r" l! F& q- o       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
6 S5 {  q) L  k- O' U* J: d    Command (m for help): m
    Command action
, y( h& l7 E) X: s3 Q       a   toggle a bootable flag
2 T$ c- C6 I% W% U       b   edit bsd disklabel
       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
       d   delete a partition
$ A9 z. \  p; U- S* S       l   list known partition types
       m   print this menu
       n   add a new partition
4 A/ r( M# E* O/ U# A0 c# V4 ^' I       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
       p   print the partition table
       q   quit without saving changes
9 V7 }( {- {3 h2 R7 K       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
       t   change a partition's system id
       u   change display/entry units
       v   verify the partition table
       w   write table to disk and exit
       x   extra functionality (experts only)
    Command (m for help): n
    Command action
       e   extended
       p   primary partition (1-4)
    p
! W7 r8 o; J! k+ p    Partition number (1-4): 1
2 P( B6 z; h+ G/ \    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
    Using default value 1
    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
1 n' }7 O# h3 O7 R+ p5 C& R    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
; k; d+ G9 k" a' Y1 \* H2 }    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
    Command (m for help): w
    The partition table has been altered!
$ w6 y% \1 @$ c. s    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
, z& a9 S8 ]' Q6 X- l5 i- i    Syncing disks.
    //格式化新分区
0 f0 P+ L$ i! l/ w

1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
    Filesystem label=
5 L. i" O2 f) s2 Y" @& W    OS type: Linux
    Block size=1024 (log=0)
    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
6 f" X, \+ w: j( a7 p; \1 H    First data block=1
' Z8 V& s! W+ F2 }5 M- [    62 block groups
    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
    2040 inodes per group
    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
    Writing inode tables: done                           
    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
. `% X! q: N8 w    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
2 I: _& c$ Z8 q3 ]' _6 c    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
! J$ ?6 w( _" q2 }; c    //挂上新分区

1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
   
2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
& I6 v/ A( I8 }) m    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home
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自动挂载：
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1.           vi /etc/fstab
   
2. 
   
3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
   : `; M/ C. A: U5 m
4. 
   
5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：

1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
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2. 
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3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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