linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
0 B) b$ w5 m( s! L5 T7 r      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
      ...

1. df -k
   
2. df -lh
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3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
9 Q  V; m5 ]  [    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用
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1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
- v' s/ s/ T2 j: h    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
' q' f* p- |& |* {7 S' l    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
$ h+ ~8 o1 T) z: o8 {8 A    content won't be recoverable.
    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
+ Y! ]4 G) ?  L9 s/ C1 e    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
9 n* j# ^  N- U& b    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
' {3 M$ |5 J2 r' |    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
7 B1 s/ T3 k/ d* w& M       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
    Command (m for help): p
* e& T) d5 g8 ~3 c    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
5 E$ y" v* ]  Y; p    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
, |- H: z/ B* n    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
: s1 `1 j" H0 w+ C5 p       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    Command (m for help): m
+ ], x' z8 S$ }5 d$ ~    Command action
6 O8 u% R1 d+ C, S, J       a   toggle a bootable flag
/ U2 y4 {! |* n. v, h! r0 L       b   edit bsd disklabel
: S1 b0 D! X. j/ U# ~! x       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
       d   delete a partition
       l   list known partition types
       m   print this menu
: j; q- h: t; l8 L6 {' M       n   add a new partition
2 t9 Y# t0 `1 }  p; Y4 Z       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
       p   print the partition table
       q   quit without saving changes
       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
* |; P7 m! `" S$ k" K6 h; ~       t   change a partition's system id
( o& P) b/ p5 U; Q6 R; M& W       u   change display/entry units
       v   verify the partition table
       w   write table to disk and exit
( t6 [9 E1 }) @+ u* N) e8 p       x   extra functionality (experts only)
' D/ V6 l0 `3 V, `1 ^    Command (m for help): n
' T  t, L/ y$ Y  {! }0 l    Command action
" k0 n$ k2 h8 X( G$ P       e   extended
       p   primary partition (1-4)
    p
    Partition number (1-4): 1
# I9 l  r6 P" d! o; j    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
    Using default value 1
  b% e8 r" P  r$ o* }8 G. U    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
    Command (m for help): p
# o6 q/ O, F7 c    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
. {  k& }( f9 I. M       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
- ~$ U2 c: y- R, K    Command (m for help): w
# ?! f3 D+ |( y1 q    The partition table has been altered!
    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    Syncing disks.
    //格式化新分区

1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
    Filesystem label=
    OS type: Linux
    Block size=1024 (log=0)
    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
8 _- c- Z/ \) k    First data block=1
    62 block groups
, [. q; J, n! i( D2 w6 N6 d3 o0 c2 i    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
5 x  ?5 W3 O3 O0 y8 v: t, Z    2040 inodes per group
8 k9 u( V) Q/ `$ l' H) j5 f/ S    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
    Writing inode tables: done                           
    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
; }: T4 I3 m  [# j  y0 Z5 ^& a) R2 C    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
% r, t# I# n8 ]! s    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
8 x, J7 ]  k' x  p- G    //挂上新分区
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1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
   
2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
3 U; M! Z2 t; i% v9 @1 S    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
5 B0 Y" `/ \  a% P6 B: A    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home

自动挂载：
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1.           vi /etc/fstab
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2. 
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3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
   
4. 
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5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：

1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
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2. 
   
3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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