linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
3 Y. j- M' x9 f1 t0 ~6 u+ H; p      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
7 _( q0 `( q% d: w  U; M      ...

1. df -k
   
2. df -lh
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3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
   

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
3 Y- o' M8 z" d' q- r    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
3 U% X9 l9 H: S+ f9 L: U    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用
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1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
) G% ?% E* Q! k7 T( S    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
    content won't be recoverable.
1 z! @: h' @8 R, H. e. T    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
3 F# X* ~) K* u! n7 d/ R& k    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
8 t5 w: D9 G" u& b    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
4 E+ Z7 z9 @' @! |; |/ H8 e6 k    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
/ [6 b9 |( A1 H3 n    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
3 A9 Z# F  D) @  A- u       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    Command (m for help): m
1 ~8 ?" [7 ~: ?5 T: |& W1 e    Command action
       a   toggle a bootable flag
       b   edit bsd disklabel
1 T! t/ s; V% o' |6 R6 t4 Y4 R       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
$ d* o2 \* ~. A6 W$ `7 z" q' ]       d   delete a partition
       l   list known partition types
. {. r" b% F$ A: D) u       m   print this menu
3 W: f: w3 g$ V  `       n   add a new partition
       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
3 B9 R8 r) t7 X- A5 k       p   print the partition table
       q   quit without saving changes
       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
       t   change a partition's system id
       u   change display/entry units
       v   verify the partition table
8 X& o. a  X: R+ [       w   write table to disk and exit
       x   extra functionality (experts only)
    Command (m for help): n
    Command action
# s5 M  \- M% q0 h' O       e   extended
8 g/ K' h0 ?- }! J4 ]( [7 V       p   primary partition (1-4)
    p
! R! b& h- m4 z; W. e    Partition number (1-4): 1
    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
: C" @' ~* }% b4 _7 v( h    Using default value 1
7 O# u* h" _% y    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
6 C4 S9 I9 `9 q( h* X$ z    Command (m for help): p
& d/ L  J6 p( Z. ?" R    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
1 s) s$ ?. g& }! ^1 I/ |    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
$ A. t" L. _8 Z: I( f% A    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
6 J2 v4 ^1 a# Q    Command (m for help): w
# r5 Y- i& P: U3 h: O    The partition table has been altered!
; m- \; q# Z# _    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    Syncing disks.
    //格式化新分区
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1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
    Filesystem label=
    OS type: Linux
    Block size=1024 (log=0)
0 w+ |6 l: ~# C7 O6 B. p  w    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
) ~7 k0 m- ?, V3 N    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
( f! c1 t# ~4 k1 A! I/ Y    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
  ^+ k, n- h1 x( N2 H4 ?    First data block=1
$ |0 b  B/ R4 \, m8 v- c" a- ^    62 block groups
9 J1 w4 z( y" D4 k+ {    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
. l/ w) H" |8 H! ?) H1 c    2040 inodes per group
' h/ P1 ^& Q# G( h! P% O    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
    Writing inode tables: done                           
, @$ s) O! u$ ]4 a0 W$ l: y    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
' Q9 A" `2 G9 O  |, o' f5 `; a% e    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
+ w  k2 p/ m7 z5 _" m    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
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1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
0 o3 }3 p2 g' D* Q& b+ a& s    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
. B! q9 J# i1 o$ G; {    //挂上新分区
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1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
   
2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
! a3 W- M& D! c& b    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
, ]; c# O3 O% ]! f8 I- }, X0 ~/ G    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
% w3 g+ p; j# E    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home

自动挂载：

1.           vi /etc/fstab
   
2. 
   $ T: [9 Q6 ]1 V
3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
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4. 
   $ J- A) c) h' o' J7 N! C6 @
5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：
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1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
   
2. 
   
3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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