linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
! v# H# T- i3 p4 l0 p      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
      ...
5 @- ~2 q/ ?* G

1. df -k
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2. df -lh
   & p6 T6 z# x) C' {
3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
   

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用

1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
' j6 z# M3 n! B5 W    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
    content won't be recoverable.
. d3 u5 d* |, ~, V' d    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
0 z" U# l1 r) r+ [$ Z    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
; Q3 U4 h- o* s( Q4 z$ \5 c) h    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
$ p( q" U2 @  {9 e6 d& e- I    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
$ U- ~6 A" M* r4 [: F: G' N2 A7 E! `    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
5 s9 L" ]! x" x9 P    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
# a4 ^' @  I3 A+ W    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
' o8 O, \% m4 J$ q% h/ C' \       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
+ U5 V) a4 j; o' v! R6 R' ]" N    Command (m for help): m
! J  R0 ~% I" L6 V2 m# F; ~) K. t    Command action
  K, u$ g" e$ H9 g       a   toggle a bootable flag
4 M8 X# x$ l% h: E$ r( j9 O% ]! T       b   edit bsd disklabel
       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
0 i! w" v/ D# v. Y( Y3 h. V       d   delete a partition
       l   list known partition types
       m   print this menu
$ {. g; I1 _0 a- b       n   add a new partition
       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
5 R, y, X3 t% l/ r0 D# U2 e6 ~       p   print the partition table
8 |0 D4 j, [; e( C1 H/ R: W7 j       q   quit without saving changes
       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
       t   change a partition's system id
; ]' c! F" H0 u       u   change display/entry units
       v   verify the partition table
       w   write table to disk and exit
       x   extra functionality (experts only)
    Command (m for help): n
    Command action
8 f& I* M* E+ L7 v; T9 Q       e   extended
4 e/ c# J5 l! o6 a/ W& _       p   primary partition (1-4)
    p
    Partition number (1-4): 1
    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
    Using default value 1
1 x$ S! k% ^4 j' Q4 U$ I) C    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
) ]. |- t( E1 U* x( H( F; ~    Command (m for help): p
3 x3 k4 s; i4 x) X    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
* _. \7 ^) F. _/ U. M9 q7 Q    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
" {6 k: I- {! X; b       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
    Command (m for help): w
5 O6 K; y6 C2 l) R    The partition table has been altered!
    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
) a9 \+ K) g* E% y: B    Syncing disks.
. v* a6 Y0 o1 a  m5 p    //格式化新分区

1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
    Filesystem label=
    OS type: Linux
    Block size=1024 (log=0)
# g/ }; m! L8 \& K+ z    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
    First data block=1
% Q! D! f3 }$ s; B1 M$ {# w    62 block groups
" r/ ^/ K" ^, k    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
    2040 inodes per group
* k1 e6 s& |: N; K: U( ?3 U    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
  k. g/ }/ P  g  ]* J            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
8 f) d% }/ K/ i$ N, l    Writing inode tables: done                           
1 [) i  X! B" `    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
" @( P: d& W# U8 j    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
5 k+ |: X3 h3 \4 \+ }) t3 U$ _    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
  w# ^, p: `% K2 d8 x' t0 D* e    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
& m8 W& Y; J4 g5 j4 n- E- i    //挂上新分区
% |" J% M8 t. k; I7 S; W

1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
   $ S+ V  G3 ~1 F+ e! S  b! }
2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
, {( h! [* U  b9 O1 t  Z" |    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home

( M  H4 Z9 T: G: p8 O8 U! U自动挂载：

1.           vi /etc/fstab
   
2. 
   
3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
   
4. 
   
5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：

1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
   
2. 
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3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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