linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
& ]% b/ f$ }' B  A% g3 W3 c      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
5 ~! f, d) h" R; \2 L0 }$ n4 v8 d      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
      ...

1. df -k
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2. df -lh
   
3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
   

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
& A5 g0 z. l( l+ ~6 Y( l    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
# S" ?2 U6 o, q& ]4 L6 c    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用

1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
2 ]) x2 |; g; D    content won't be recoverable.
    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
4 e+ O, c1 S! J    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
4 U% X0 [4 q) t! L8 Y7 C3 b: N    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
9 p4 ^5 C% K" m% C, w    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
+ p! N; ]; u6 \, ~. b' E( [       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
) n+ J8 C/ a! }/ H3 F8 v: n+ Z6 X    Command (m for help): p
! }4 \* m1 u0 O8 S. b; o( J    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    Command (m for help): m
3 s& y' w+ u7 L    Command action
       a   toggle a bootable flag
       b   edit bsd disklabel
) V; M' E2 V3 u" q0 k/ b- _       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
       d   delete a partition
       l   list known partition types
       m   print this menu
       n   add a new partition
1 p: a9 W8 K( i$ x' t9 A       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
, O( N0 b) {) B7 v* j       p   print the partition table
7 d2 a# k* R3 ~! ^& W: ^+ P       q   quit without saving changes
% U4 q/ z; q+ ^& P; K1 r       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
       t   change a partition's system id
       u   change display/entry units
       v   verify the partition table
' G$ W& w$ m. T% R  U2 u! n/ I       w   write table to disk and exit
       x   extra functionality (experts only)
& A) Y6 D6 t/ _/ V2 p* q    Command (m for help): n
9 }0 @  `6 t- C! m6 E    Command action
4 T+ q2 Q) H) ?+ P# B/ c       e   extended
/ J; V; T0 c* f) s% }. I  {       p   primary partition (1-4)
    p
    Partition number (1-4): 1
1 |8 ^) O: K1 \) T    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
) y5 e& D: E# W2 m& [    Using default value 1
    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
/ R: w. E: d: q$ x( ~    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
: i9 X) d2 [5 z/ \! y" h  w- r0 k       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
    Command (m for help): w
    The partition table has been altered!
0 d, P+ e5 X/ m    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    Syncing disks.
    //格式化新分区

1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
0 e4 V0 X3 M" `' k* Y. b: _    Filesystem label=
% A3 A( w, Q0 B, L    OS type: Linux
    Block size=1024 (log=0)
    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
, T* a# O( O5 k+ H    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
    First data block=1
; F0 [3 L& u' I  t( I    62 block groups
    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
    2040 inodes per group
    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
: N- C5 T; D' p7 r% o0 o            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
    Writing inode tables: done                           
. b" m( U8 q7 e0 J" ]6 W( J3 s" i    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
' P& w9 t% d* {    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
& A$ o2 Q6 d2 }- `+ M  g7 J    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
) U' @, ?2 O1 C/ j0 w1 ^/ `. \3 [    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
) m% C: n- j9 C    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    //挂上新分区

1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
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2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home

自动挂载：
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1.           vi /etc/fstab
   
2. 
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3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
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4. 
   
5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：
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1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
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2. 
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3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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