linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
2 {5 d7 H6 X, n0 B% t+ S      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
4 A$ B6 V4 c. h( B      ...
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1. df -k
   
2. df -lh
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3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
   

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
% B4 \' u8 J# ~" m) F    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
8 \  c+ W5 v- O, [. R    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
0 r; Q# S" k- }) b  i    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用

1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
0 E. e2 R* E0 X# d2 q3 n9 N    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
, Y( i- U; A$ [7 }1 F    content won't be recoverable.
    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
4 k3 G2 R+ E! `6 r6 `9 a    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
7 P/ l* x5 J) K0 m+ l/ i+ F- L; k    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
( u1 n; p! ]* n! V    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
8 P6 G/ i( z  U+ G6 q    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
! V+ X" U# _; x    Command (m for help): p
# `* Z" ~; @1 @    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
1 R# S' Q, }9 z' s4 q    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
2 `9 n! P# k9 ~4 u0 A6 p& }       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    Command (m for help): m
7 Z! Y/ Z$ y6 a# O9 }    Command action
- J& h. m8 |: V, G+ Y( {2 T. E       a   toggle a bootable flag
       b   edit bsd disklabel
% A6 _/ Q( b- A8 b  X       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
" C8 J6 _5 A/ _5 X: G; q6 U       d   delete a partition
; V6 e; n) d7 B( D" c- _" C7 j       l   list known partition types
' i" M5 w. K/ o' Z9 ^% Z       m   print this menu
8 B3 V; H5 T8 |, N       n   add a new partition
6 ^+ @( a* I7 A, L& S/ Z3 u1 K& Y6 B       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
       p   print the partition table
4 [, v) Q- _# M4 v+ R       q   quit without saving changes
# Q, n* F& |2 w( ^       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
! Y. g4 v. ]& X/ U! u       t   change a partition's system id
5 S: s' a2 K# r, g( ^2 C       u   change display/entry units
: ~. q! b/ I* \" s       v   verify the partition table
       w   write table to disk and exit
       x   extra functionality (experts only)
    Command (m for help): n
    Command action
       e   extended
       p   primary partition (1-4)
% G& N7 u+ K1 R1 M    p
5 _1 h$ x4 C" N' }    Partition number (1-4): 1
    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
4 a& @. h' x( l" ]% z, B    Using default value 1
    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
0 x& B+ u7 e: s0 H    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
% y. p  Y$ I& A  d# G    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
    Command (m for help): w
! Y" N' ]. y0 L' ~+ x* O5 v8 U' i    The partition table has been altered!
1 s6 Z- o' @  s- q3 J, O    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    Syncing disks.
, @: b( v) x% e, z/ o$ Z# @8 Q8 u8 g  f    //格式化新分区
  p1 y, q" @7 V! w, O# _  K

1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
+ I0 w) n; S9 \1 t    Filesystem label=
& C! k3 L8 v0 F, z' [6 e9 o    OS type: Linux
* u- }8 x, ?, ~- R6 M$ j; J, u  S3 w+ Z    Block size=1024 (log=0)
8 Y' A# G# u( B: V1 z' x5 A% p! {    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
8 \& q" h* A: H# G    First data block=1
' X& W8 o, d2 F- c3 T# E    62 block groups
' r& H1 t2 n5 u7 b+ L* \  u    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
    2040 inodes per group
4 _; G. x" H$ o    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
    Writing inode tables: done                           
    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
; e  n! C  j! i6 q, X/ x! l    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
# S: N5 b" Q8 \# v/ q, K& ~    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
7 o! F  O' W+ e: o/ ]6 ~! [    //挂上新分区
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1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
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2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
6 p( R% K) E3 x+ V9 B/ Q: ]2 ^' v    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home
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) B! \$ u$ F3 w( G! u  B自动挂载：

1.           vi /etc/fstab
   
2. 
   
3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
   
4. 
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5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：

1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
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2. 
   
3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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