linux下添加新硬盘方法

admin

1. fdisk

复制代码

Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
+ {0 j5 Q& W7 I. U3 L      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
' r- z: C8 |7 a- J+ e  o0 V# X) {      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
  g: t4 a5 d0 m0 `& L$ I      ...
) m' @3 j8 `6 B

1. df -k
   7 G. }$ C$ E0 ~0 ]& Y
2. df -lh
   7 l, V8 s! }* [- f' _, V% p
3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
   $ ]% H* B2 U* L. F

复制代码

文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
( y- _% q% G9 ?    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
9 _& U# i5 i( B; s' K" z5 h    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用

1. fdisk /dev/hda

复制代码

Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
, h, U3 w8 S% w/ Q3 ~# B1 [1 t    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
    content won't be recoverable.
) n6 _5 D" D$ }7 V7 q    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
2 G) m4 J4 V2 h; C0 |    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
! {% I  |7 p) Y, f9 `! _( g    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
( _  L  j: x2 R2 O3 G8 I9 Z6 m% B       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
$ ?3 U6 H! g4 E; W8 V7 l  D& G    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
6 K, o7 U; y; w# h    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    Command (m for help): m
    Command action
4 s/ S; S' h$ U. c/ Q! h& z0 i       a   toggle a bootable flag
       b   edit bsd disklabel
$ [2 z$ q# w+ l; V5 ^& t; u4 `       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
% @) x, ?9 a$ U       d   delete a partition
* h2 a  Z3 t* Z: s" U' G0 A3 Z       l   list known partition types
       m   print this menu
8 L6 h5 ?% k6 N( t' V       n   add a new partition
5 }, X6 [1 j! a1 J+ c       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
8 b/ l5 x0 c7 X$ z+ c, D       p   print the partition table
1 p6 x8 K9 q; n( G9 Q/ b       q   quit without saving changes
" {' E) D1 R6 W" {7 @       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
$ A) D+ Z/ O4 {7 s/ w- S3 o       t   change a partition's system id
- A# @4 r' _2 X, D7 H8 K       u   change display/entry units
  {! N( e6 ?( m+ v  e0 ]       v   verify the partition table
+ T  M- s) s$ A* L9 s5 ^       w   write table to disk and exit
       x   extra functionality (experts only)
    Command (m for help): n
    Command action
! c2 R1 e0 ~1 x) J       e   extended
       p   primary partition (1-4)
    p
2 @, T1 f! b5 R7 y0 H; N    Partition number (1-4): 1
    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
    Using default value 1
. L! F5 \3 K; V5 L& i  g) Q5 ~    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
/ i/ P' b/ G0 u' i    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
+ v" ?2 ^9 S: x3 ]    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
. k4 ?. o( D% O' Z% x       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
    Command (m for help): w
0 B8 }$ R2 G. O) G# ?    The partition table has been altered!
    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
: T8 m4 u$ o7 |0 [* ?2 \$ \    Syncing disks.
7 z5 M) j$ R& I5 D* O+ f  a    //格式化新分区

1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

复制代码

mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
    Filesystem label=
    OS type: Linux
3 i2 n; F0 c/ Z0 E+ H9 ^9 ]    Block size=1024 (log=0)
" I5 T6 S% \0 R. h7 y    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
    First data block=1
+ d( D! K: b+ }4 z7 `    62 block groups
    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
) l2 @- P+ E) x/ L$ }1 R% F    2040 inodes per group
    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
    Writing inode tables: done                           
- s: ]3 a+ ]9 [* }6 y' `    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
. m- T$ G  o8 x9 f5 n- g6 E

1. df -k

复制代码

文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
" z# z3 Z! p8 C/ r" S2 H    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
) Z# l: U6 Z2 U% K9 z    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    //挂上新分区

1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
   ! x* L2 q9 u0 }3 f
2. df -k

复制代码

文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
  C  I7 b7 U- Y- P1 k( g- O    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
: O; t/ x' W# D' D/ G! w    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
4 b8 Y$ C  Q0 @1 T( l4 v) B    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home
9 y& _( w, ~/ M) w- ?
) L* U/ l7 T  W% i" V+ A自动挂载：
! m& t; C" S0 G3 d- n/ o

1.           vi /etc/fstab
   
2. 
   . E; h8 Y- L: L  K) n1 \7 g# S& g
3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
   9 J) @7 E/ t6 _& Q- x
4. 
   5 o# J1 z) u3 [! ?8 `+ W
5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

复制代码

手动挂载：

1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
   
2. 
   
3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

复制代码