linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
* f& t9 o3 X$ _# h- ~' z( t; Z! {      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
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1. df -k
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2. df -lh
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3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
. d  E7 j9 t" _4 l; B7 \/ Q: R    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用

1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
. r6 c  O0 c6 s& u# {    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
; u0 N  |( }- d4 ~+ m    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
/ y6 v: f4 a! F" e* `8 ?    content won't be recoverable.
    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
  {  [, ], ^/ r" W+ Z0 S% n$ f3 e- M7 \    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
' x, m* ^5 z/ `" I8 ]7 Z       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
3 `4 y0 g( ?# Z+ V) Y7 L" y    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
0 e% c/ B* h+ r5 e, \" g1 @! D0 ^    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    Command (m for help): m
    Command action
# w0 r: W, W8 J; p       a   toggle a bootable flag
       b   edit bsd disklabel
       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
( Q3 N) i6 R; }       d   delete a partition
0 N1 S6 {* ?4 ]6 x. y       l   list known partition types
  w8 {, p- l# T/ t$ `3 E, u       m   print this menu
       n   add a new partition
       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
       p   print the partition table
       q   quit without saving changes
       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
       t   change a partition's system id
       u   change display/entry units
4 ?! g' X# {: b( J       v   verify the partition table
       w   write table to disk and exit
# s* c2 D1 g% P5 {       x   extra functionality (experts only)
0 ]) Q; r/ [) C) x    Command (m for help): n
) N1 c$ f" ^* Z    Command action
" i- o: e* A4 ^2 ~5 v1 ~$ J       e   extended
+ Z0 O4 m" @) S# T  R9 r4 v       p   primary partition (1-4)
9 X' r, M; Y# j5 R$ P! ]9 z2 z    p
    Partition number (1-4): 1
    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
    Using default value 1
    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
: W. D# P. H: W" o    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
+ D- k3 x3 K, m( B' k( i, |* \/ T    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
3 d7 \. ^7 z* [4 t, r5 P" u       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
. C0 |% |' m; o    Command (m for help): w
3 Y* I$ ]% N6 H    The partition table has been altered!
    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
) m' Q( u" s- O$ b" P    Syncing disks.
    //格式化新分区
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1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
    Filesystem label=
    OS type: Linux
- b: m( g% z. A    Block size=1024 (log=0)
    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
) ]8 O3 |: r8 k; t, s% Y# \2 q1 n/ J    First data block=1
    62 block groups
    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
    2040 inodes per group
    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
    Writing inode tables: done                           
    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
2 b: i7 o& ~1 H: a" h' J    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
% u, Z4 S9 G2 g    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
( y6 u; y3 B. K* _    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
! Y7 }( T0 i% Y1 b    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    //挂上新分区

1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
   
2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
' @* h. f8 O/ D, O- s    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
. E( j  o% n! _2 g. q, a    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home

自动挂载：
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1.           vi /etc/fstab
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2. 
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3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
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4. 
   
5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：
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1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
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2. 
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3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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