linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
9 P$ d* ^' }: b1 n& o, S      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
4 E" ]+ C( D  n$ T      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
      ...

1. df -k
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2. df -lh
   
3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
( y6 j( o- }; T    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
' A4 H3 z  Y! o; ?. E1 U, F    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用

1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
) W& F8 O' H. E6 I! w* ?    content won't be recoverable.
' |/ Y" z: ~9 y! j" p9 f    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
6 H& t- T* z- z6 J- }. k6 e3 w    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
7 j1 Y  Y* K9 B    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
9 ~1 U8 {6 B% v; A8 `; E2 Q% k, r       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
: E+ W& X2 s% f3 X    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
. w/ M3 {7 h9 H: L" F% e7 M       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    Command (m for help): m
9 e8 _$ g- ^$ D$ Q    Command action
       a   toggle a bootable flag
+ a7 ^$ Z0 {- X5 Q' E4 @       b   edit bsd disklabel
       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
, ?- Z) h2 Q6 C# h; n9 g       d   delete a partition
, T4 n" X( o! V1 u' L+ B       l   list known partition types
       m   print this menu
% x* p( T6 W, \4 x3 l       n   add a new partition
" ~& [  \0 N" I: V' ~! j       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
       p   print the partition table
       q   quit without saving changes
       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
       t   change a partition's system id
       u   change display/entry units
, S. U% j7 g) u0 q$ y& k       v   verify the partition table
       w   write table to disk and exit
       x   extra functionality (experts only)
    Command (m for help): n
    Command action
       e   extended
       p   primary partition (1-4)
* @$ V2 ^1 x0 X8 i    p
    Partition number (1-4): 1
# G. ^; V5 z6 a6 H# l8 I; V2 p    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
    Using default value 1
    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
' I7 {$ e% C: z6 X    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
" k, b. S1 h0 v3 R+ o       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
, X, {. h/ z. Z' G    Command (m for help): w
    The partition table has been altered!
    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    Syncing disks.
4 t1 e, d& H1 P2 w9 ]    //格式化新分区
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1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
    Filesystem label=
    OS type: Linux
, K* {( u7 E3 x- @+ S+ o    Block size=1024 (log=0)
    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
' @) x# W% |% d    First data block=1
    62 block groups
    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
. ~- o, D4 v- _    2040 inodes per group
    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
! y9 v8 q2 _( E3 c1 B# n            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
$ m2 f7 r+ q2 b' K! a% P! V7 ?    Writing inode tables: done                           
: ?4 l+ n  X# ]    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
* R' Z6 R1 s7 M5 E' E( v    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
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1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
; u5 s$ G( F1 `; b) V    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
" S# M; d1 a+ u& o: N  I1 \    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
. K$ o. }$ T+ D9 D7 x    //挂上新分区
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1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
   % i& y+ s( V/ Q. L( W
2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
" _" m1 S/ z- ^5 X% F    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
" ~6 w0 i* _/ ?    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home
3 h6 ^( n/ }# h* x1 m  t: T& c; Y+ j
" T+ K3 h: _7 a- N& m自动挂载：

1.           vi /etc/fstab
   
2. 
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3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
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4. 
   % D6 ]6 h+ X( d/ u
5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：

1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
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2. 
   ! y) c% ]* c$ S+ c
3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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