linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
* Y. j9 N1 T4 \$ a: T: i' ^' z      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
6 Z: C% ~$ X' |* f" Y# P      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
. ?) A& w* W+ D. Z" O( o( Q      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
      ...

1. df -k
   
2. df -lh
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3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
: L( R% p1 N5 g$ }3 _& o$ B- ~9 i; m    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
. W4 y1 E; V. B3 }    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
+ r! d7 _1 f2 q* [6 z) L    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用
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1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
7 a7 x" C4 v6 f2 }; \+ w    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
' R4 s( g, ]8 R! _* a( n) ?  _    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
; Q! }. @# ]0 i4 v1 X' m" ]6 J    content won't be recoverable.
    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
. s1 H- U  ^2 @+ C1 |    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
' Z- [6 p+ O- Y# @    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
3 Y# i8 I; Q8 w0 i2 p       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
1 @0 r8 h3 |4 C5 z    Command (m for help): m
    Command action
       a   toggle a bootable flag
4 Q& B6 ?3 S+ {; R. m, y       b   edit bsd disklabel
       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
       d   delete a partition
, S! a- ?* c5 `; {0 s% P0 r, [+ C5 d9 U       l   list known partition types
4 H6 D! ~% a$ U) |       m   print this menu
       n   add a new partition
% v. r5 f! V# x: c# Q' r) S) \1 w       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
       p   print the partition table
       q   quit without saving changes
7 I9 R" n. w4 c6 ?5 J1 t, Q       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
       t   change a partition's system id
' W$ T. _' V# r! O       u   change display/entry units
4 n/ l3 ^2 S# b* Y9 a       v   verify the partition table
% D! E* _! S$ c1 h7 q/ p! [       w   write table to disk and exit
! a/ B, M; M  G       x   extra functionality (experts only)
$ o8 Z& }  M% _7 G- x    Command (m for help): n
1 r* \8 J3 f$ S4 C    Command action
! D9 V' s! v% u4 `       e   extended
5 t8 v' o1 L: T$ t% N, d       p   primary partition (1-4)
    p
2 X+ j6 d% A7 ]. W, M$ b    Partition number (1-4): 1
8 t2 ?- u, T# j; z    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
3 [3 z; u6 @$ C" \' `6 s    Using default value 1
    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
    Command (m for help): p
# q9 ~+ L9 \9 Y    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
8 ^( X7 e) w2 P! e, F6 |( U( Y4 _+ b    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
1 e. O2 ?# i5 b& a( R  P1 k    Command (m for help): w
    The partition table has been altered!
    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    Syncing disks.
    //格式化新分区
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1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
    Filesystem label=
% A3 z) ^, |  H7 H6 p! t    OS type: Linux
' t; m3 A, t  m2 d    Block size=1024 (log=0)
    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
$ k3 t! m: G- ]- c2 m/ Z# _    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
" l8 z2 \" _' r' L: @    First data block=1
    62 block groups
1 U( D( W; f4 R1 q8 Z" f: @    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
9 z$ q- V+ ]5 k5 N! D    2040 inodes per group
$ F$ _/ i" J& H5 ^/ O! A    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
( Q' d! R) E& }! U/ v0 P! \            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
    Writing inode tables: done                           
' S( u, j2 g  J5 H3 _1 U    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
8 T$ f8 ]5 `9 `# ?* a    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
4 ?0 g. }, B6 P4 [8 d' c$ u    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
! D1 P3 I" d: r4 s    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
' R( H# L" W8 R) N& B! i' \4 M6 R    //挂上新分区
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1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
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2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
, \$ q5 I" T( Z, t+ u' O    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home

) l- E/ T2 R3 H3 {. u* {" J, [自动挂载：

1.           vi /etc/fstab
   
2. 
   
3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
   
4. 
   
5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：
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1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
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2. 
   
3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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