linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
2 Q4 p) l* J! L8 R' B      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
1 T9 Q1 k9 V* G+ V% y1 p) H      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
      ...
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1. df -k
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2. df -lh
   
3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
7 e5 H1 }3 Y) `+ }' Q( w/ |( [% o: N    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
, Y3 S8 m% s; y' a' F# `5 N    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
2 Q  R. E/ F& f6 E1 S" z    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用

1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
1 _8 p* a2 E, R0 z: H2 a; h    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
, w. L. x: m5 m3 k' A5 l6 v- X    content won't be recoverable.
; U4 p" ~9 |9 \" E6 \1 B+ j$ U    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
+ Z0 K* }# k) F2 o4 i    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
  i  p: w3 C' w9 h/ E* p    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
" F# S" j8 e% _6 a" ^; p7 S$ L    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
    Command (m for help): p
7 p+ p' a3 _& x$ I7 P    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
- i8 z! I/ J+ J    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
6 O0 d' r2 E' w       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
0 }$ B" g' [8 a5 n    Command (m for help): m
# S8 J6 n" ^* c4 U  U/ e    Command action
# I: R/ Q: {* M) w- X& V0 X/ j2 U  x       a   toggle a bootable flag
+ S) R* I  a- L5 U6 U       b   edit bsd disklabel
       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
$ _' ~, _+ {9 C, W! \: J) }       d   delete a partition
+ D* n# d+ ?6 M- d       l   list known partition types
       m   print this menu
! v+ o* B6 c" |$ ?5 Y0 i, J8 h1 B       n   add a new partition
# j5 J0 z  j$ x. A* ^& @  }" W( z       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
$ \9 s& X' }2 l. v5 R9 r( m: r8 w8 C       p   print the partition table
       q   quit without saving changes
       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
7 }8 ^6 v. a  K' a$ R9 x) x       t   change a partition's system id
6 q( p8 |% G+ W( ]       u   change display/entry units
       v   verify the partition table
) B4 O+ B: L* b; C       w   write table to disk and exit
       x   extra functionality (experts only)
    Command (m for help): n
1 ^4 k2 M$ z# m# j3 W+ b# B6 W; v8 I    Command action
       e   extended
4 q" K/ ~4 a8 d9 N) c       p   primary partition (1-4)
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    Partition number (1-4): 1
    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
" L, [- M  T" X. f3 E! ?    Using default value 1
- U4 L* ^5 j2 ~: x0 e    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
. C( c9 X! L% O& ?1 B' D; O4 n    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
/ `$ s! Z' [: Y4 T    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
' @' Y1 ^3 f  E. j8 g  o+ T       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
    Command (m for help): w
    The partition table has been altered!
: {6 [* M% y+ [) a9 O% A% b    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    Syncing disks.
3 z. F/ {$ z4 d( N3 \    //格式化新分区

1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
4 k% L: p" t, J7 _& M# ~$ P    Filesystem label=
    OS type: Linux
- W4 }8 O1 Z2 Y. M% M    Block size=1024 (log=0)
5 U6 Z6 ~4 t' K! a& b/ ?    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
5 [' o  R0 [) C/ s! w  U    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
    First data block=1
2 {1 \8 v% |+ t- ^    62 block groups
    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
    2040 inodes per group
2 b0 u  D9 F9 V7 L. q# @& |4 E    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
7 |4 `. d8 Q$ m. v( c( G    Writing inode tables: done                           
+ v2 H4 I/ T1 @. `5 J    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
- [: s8 N* ^$ Z    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
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1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
. W' n( C  }; W+ R+ j4 e! m    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
- i0 `& p* a# ~7 i    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    //挂上新分区

1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
   
2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
1 g3 R: G8 N5 k; I& ~1 ~0 b    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home
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1.           vi /etc/fstab
   
2. 
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3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
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4. 
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5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：
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1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
   
2. 
   
3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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