linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
  s: T; n6 N0 P3 z      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
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1. df -k
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2. df -lh
   
3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
   

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
- f9 M1 [& Q$ c( P    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
2 H; |0 q6 k# y. {7 D    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
1 U& s4 V: G( w: e# C0 m* M    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用
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1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
# y: o! }0 r+ z: d4 B' Y. J    content won't be recoverable.
+ m% [6 i" o% h! G    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
% y0 O( a6 @; E    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
1 e3 X4 P. C4 ~# ?    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
0 `# U& M" x8 `& m+ B6 c# P0 \       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
$ ^) v1 x" @2 s- \5 n7 p# m    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
( s, a5 ]* g! _; Q& x/ R% @) \    Command (m for help): m
    Command action
+ j9 v4 E. s: H+ j2 i0 w! `1 ]" s       a   toggle a bootable flag
2 m8 w. H2 L) n- C/ [       b   edit bsd disklabel
       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
       d   delete a partition
       l   list known partition types
# e4 V- G0 J( P5 z: C       m   print this menu
6 V% D& c1 g: K% X, c# u( g! P       n   add a new partition
# \: z, A' _4 D) @6 [       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
6 R$ p# T' r$ g; d) D8 s       p   print the partition table
       q   quit without saving changes
       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
7 k, T) i! y1 D$ j       t   change a partition's system id
       u   change display/entry units
       v   verify the partition table
       w   write table to disk and exit
       x   extra functionality (experts only)
, |6 d2 _4 R6 B4 h  X) Y8 L7 ]% S: l    Command (m for help): n
    Command action
       e   extended
       p   primary partition (1-4)
    p
$ K7 \9 |: [$ u    Partition number (1-4): 1
, J# W% p4 a5 v2 L- z    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
    Using default value 1
    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
    Command (m for help): p
4 }1 Z& |4 ~, s) M6 X    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
! S' g5 j- g0 Z- W    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
8 w! G' r; g# i    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
+ G9 H9 N- }' z( x    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
    Command (m for help): w
    The partition table has been altered!
    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    Syncing disks.
    //格式化新分区
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1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
) Q) G1 r8 C5 D/ E    Filesystem label=
    OS type: Linux
    Block size=1024 (log=0)
    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
8 Q3 ]$ R; q# d! H    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
: ~4 z6 B- k2 L" x1 J9 \$ f    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
    First data block=1
    62 block groups
    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
    2040 inodes per group
    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
  C+ N; D6 p( ^5 i0 {            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
5 o: z7 a; j+ P5 ]! p    Writing inode tables: done                           
. e0 ]  s3 C* H1 [% i: d4 ?    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
, i( f  f; F1 `8 r    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
6 ?8 z5 I, `/ k6 X; ^- a7 U    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
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1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
* C0 Z/ M7 c: v8 h    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
, m, l2 G6 m# u: ~5 U8 u( ~  C* b2 g6 B: i    //挂上新分区

1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
   
2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
' S9 W  l; `9 i# S) _, ~3 M    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
" c2 ~3 [. E7 U1 R2 P, n' e    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
1 a7 U+ l" E! u    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home
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! r  f3 s5 E# T5 p8 J自动挂载：

1.           vi /etc/fstab
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2. 
   
3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
   
4. 
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5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：
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1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
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2. 
   
3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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