linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
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1. df -k
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2. df -lh
   
3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
, r2 l0 O( u! f, j    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
  a: g. ]1 w( t' p' ]    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用

1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
0 a' g( O$ L8 A0 \3 S, v    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
" I/ y: Z5 s4 u% Z    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
7 ~6 y$ w( R0 b5 u- N7 J& e    content won't be recoverable.
    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
! b/ C' H0 Q& D% f! i3 M    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
- `  ?, x  o. Y4 t+ y1 f' g    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
! `% T* Y; `) w/ Y) ~    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
, A* \, \  o' m5 g6 T- t0 l: Q       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
3 y  G. Y1 {. I6 V9 D/ v    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
' h9 N  Z5 _9 M$ g    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
( {: P1 }/ n% V: t       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
6 ?. }$ q7 o" X+ e, N8 W    Command (m for help): m
    Command action
; Q' J! v2 f4 |1 [% v       a   toggle a bootable flag
, e8 B. F+ I3 G5 H6 g       b   edit bsd disklabel
. c) C( R: R0 }1 A! P( |; i: ~       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
       d   delete a partition
" S7 T8 k3 ?' q       l   list known partition types
) ]8 Z7 F5 k. @* Y8 P9 d       m   print this menu
       n   add a new partition
       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
       p   print the partition table
! [$ L4 j2 ]3 w- Z2 Z/ z* x       q   quit without saving changes
       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
, R$ R. _) ^# G$ X1 P       t   change a partition's system id
       u   change display/entry units
$ Q( |' q1 [% d; I       v   verify the partition table
       w   write table to disk and exit
       x   extra functionality (experts only)
  U5 C7 a1 `7 t% q* n# N' l    Command (m for help): n
) h7 C5 V& ?8 A5 p) w    Command action
       e   extended
! K! F% P% ~0 ^1 p       p   primary partition (1-4)
3 \: n* V9 [( j/ x    p
2 j3 e  W1 e& u7 {6 v) c& b3 B    Partition number (1-4): 1
0 Q6 o' i1 X0 l- ^    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
. ^0 A$ @( y! o7 P# N/ C. n0 Z# U    Using default value 1
; O- w/ i* G+ E/ X    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
    Command (m for help): p
+ a$ T' H' {* n/ G    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
# Z5 j3 E5 I/ V& Z1 [5 `    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
- o0 ~5 S& X! C    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
6 ^( g! R4 ~8 c- E1 c       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
    Command (m for help): w
    The partition table has been altered!
2 |. V$ h! b1 m+ L, d5 c  g    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    Syncing disks.
! r' _. F7 X1 A. |2 p9 r+ S+ E/ s    //格式化新分区
, \) {& O" L4 `0 H" r) G+ R# l  ?

1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
    Filesystem label=
    OS type: Linux
    Block size=1024 (log=0)
    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
- s1 h# o* r6 u& L8 o+ d    First data block=1
# }2 c% U- ]2 M' i4 o% e8 b8 ^    62 block groups
; \( Z1 O9 j1 E* N6 k: \& L: V, ]    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
    2040 inodes per group
    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
. ]6 q# [4 j$ Q0 m% U# i    Writing inode tables: done                           
. W  h) X: ~* r: X9 G3 V* X    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
4 d( o6 w5 x# ?& |" |9 z+ \    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
5 _* U; @* V# b/ Q$ U' k, t    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
4 t; v* ^0 R& M! i& T+ t    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
3 R& Q$ _& q7 }1 r' H    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
& r% n2 A9 @* Z8 A9 S0 u$ b2 e, s    //挂上新分区
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1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
   
2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
2 g9 j( \' s2 O* Y& D  B$ Z    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
9 V& A4 e6 w9 W    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home

0 F4 J9 S/ c; L( Z- L3 q5 C自动挂载：

1.           vi /etc/fstab
   
2. 
   
3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
   
4. 
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5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：

1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
   
2. 
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3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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