linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
/ }4 |! j2 ~5 K      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
7 T7 y9 E" B; Z0 h2 e: y      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
- Y3 ^9 B) i7 G4 \      ...

1. df -k
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2. df -lh
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3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
   

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用

1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
; z# Y. q# o1 v. e  Z' @    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
    content won't be recoverable.
: n0 q+ t( A! @- e' q    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
* ^+ \: ?' _) n3 w* d4 F    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
3 i. V) J9 x) P) `    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
1 E; P9 w& Y) ^4 E- G; H, C    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
7 K7 A7 @; x8 ?2 m       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
' o( H0 h/ ^& A0 i, K0 j4 {    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
9 X* P* M( ^0 W: T- ~% t    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
- z: r: Q1 {, Y4 v1 }       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
/ W) N5 M9 w/ c8 k    Command (m for help): m
    Command action
       a   toggle a bootable flag
       b   edit bsd disklabel
- s7 A! q0 p8 o( l! C       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
9 c0 I  r9 ]6 p) E) Q       d   delete a partition
7 z# E/ r) s# B6 n" L       l   list known partition types
/ a$ N7 a0 I' G0 ~       m   print this menu
, Q# R: `4 x8 m' Q+ q9 h       n   add a new partition
7 R5 |6 z7 }" N! D8 g8 i       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
       p   print the partition table
       q   quit without saving changes
' I+ x% E  k; R0 _0 w       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
       t   change a partition's system id
/ Q/ D- {8 y6 D' k       u   change display/entry units
: S+ y% h* L7 a; v       v   verify the partition table
       w   write table to disk and exit
       x   extra functionality (experts only)
8 W- p" `  r8 p7 k1 e    Command (m for help): n
    Command action
6 r' V* w- r7 n7 s8 w       e   extended
       p   primary partition (1-4)
    p
    Partition number (1-4): 1
    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
    Using default value 1
    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
8 i( x" {2 g1 V& |    Command (m for help): p
& M1 G) @! M- E4 l- q6 e% @    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
1 W/ l" Y; Z1 F. X' h" X    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
( X6 I& `7 [& U: \% Z9 Y" m7 P2 f0 M    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
    Command (m for help): w
    The partition table has been altered!
    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    Syncing disks.
) J( Y7 j4 U! d' M7 X1 l4 P( _    //格式化新分区

1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
& A2 U# i# ?" k( ^% [$ g! C    Filesystem label=
    OS type: Linux
1 r8 E) ?* \& K  l6 W; e9 c( v    Block size=1024 (log=0)
  C; g" _" _8 S0 i4 |! E    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
, a0 Q6 L3 k$ Z- |7 f    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
    First data block=1
% {9 O" g+ b' E( D; s4 @# c0 D3 ]    62 block groups
    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
$ F$ U& `9 d, x    2040 inodes per group
! v" t: S8 ?2 y1 S    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
) J5 r# v. F; `6 ^0 j            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
    Writing inode tables: done                           
% _( {8 \0 w( \3 j    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
# j: ~9 u$ t5 I0 p  b7 E) B/ h3 y! K! P    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
* m* Q3 s. h2 F8 G5 e- ]    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
- u$ Z! l- R) w9 p! s& S1 f; A    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
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1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
( Y9 P* }, M) @+ U2 f3 ^, a5 V    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
& Y* t& `  D% x) }9 u3 @( k    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
8 F- n3 H( P/ |    //挂上新分区
$ K1 o! V  a- s) U6 |' b

1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
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2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
. I/ S/ H+ m: `    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home

自动挂载：

1.           vi /etc/fstab
   
2. 
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3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
   
4. 
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5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：

1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
   
2. 
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3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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