linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
7 A, j# B% z+ k- L      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
! L0 ?7 x3 V0 u5 K/ g      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
; \* z# g& |) z4 `      ...

1. df -k
   
2. df -lh
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3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
   

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
) X8 {7 L5 k5 G; l8 u2 T; z# p    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
& G% O% `- {( r# k  D5 R/ A" ]    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用

1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
/ ~4 E4 z% G3 \' m    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
    content won't be recoverable.
& r/ J7 b2 C1 \% `, Q    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
) I8 R! e! I1 L* s/ N6 L, }9 Y& m6 h. U+ w    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
( v2 Z, }8 G/ C, o, n    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
, p: q* W4 L/ G% b& ~6 Y$ Q    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
7 D7 k; z2 g( l    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
7 D. R2 h2 `0 _! Z- C! }8 E    Command (m for help): p
% c$ c. J4 \/ i: T    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
" e0 `6 J8 i  ]* v" c1 B( ]. v    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
! Z: s6 x; N: s% B/ @    Command (m for help): m
    Command action
& h3 h% X. a* d# r$ z$ O       a   toggle a bootable flag
- P  o) E$ a$ s$ ^- ]       b   edit bsd disklabel
       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
* O, V' t, j' p' n  ?7 _       d   delete a partition
1 O$ R' ], [* B/ o- A       l   list known partition types
1 A# H6 r, n0 z       m   print this menu
       n   add a new partition
0 A% t  v" S9 S8 r" Z       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
+ d  I/ ~  w# n' L# u       p   print the partition table
       q   quit without saving changes
       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
       t   change a partition's system id
       u   change display/entry units
% q- t# k& L2 a0 Y. ?# M  V       v   verify the partition table
       w   write table to disk and exit
6 G  @# u8 ]4 x7 {       x   extra functionality (experts only)
    Command (m for help): n
    Command action
! v  w* ?3 |& e1 G5 \       e   extended
       p   primary partition (1-4)
    p
    Partition number (1-4): 1
* s) \- P- R  ]" V8 r/ s    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
7 D% n6 \* l$ G9 w% V: }    Using default value 1
" Y9 _: _' b* ^+ a5 V+ C* P    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
- H! ?9 n7 b: r* S' n( Z    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
% l  i% i0 ?3 p1 x9 `    Command (m for help): w
. w# k3 J" @( z# v8 n3 h    The partition table has been altered!
    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
7 Z% z& K/ w- J  A8 e    Syncing disks.
    //格式化新分区
& Z  D% z: m; h2 g8 v; g

1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
    Filesystem label=
: G; h# _" f2 ]! p$ Z/ u    OS type: Linux
    Block size=1024 (log=0)
! J& P: r9 T" s* N! G( |& r    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
/ O6 ?7 f9 P1 y# q9 y    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
% I# e2 k( q% d0 `6 l    First data block=1
9 h, i+ B; D; N) S* Z3 B) v    62 block groups
  E$ f+ j; ]" s5 j8 H    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
  W2 f' y6 Z$ ~# t% _    2040 inodes per group
    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
    Writing inode tables: done                           
5 h$ K: x! y4 Z5 W+ h. [    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
2 w( G) A0 Y2 b6 l    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
7 d  B  q; j* v. b6 d/ `  A    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
* j/ Q, E4 C) A' X- _  f    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
! |% H$ r- I8 g, X    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    //挂上新分区

1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
   2 k& j. Y7 V- _9 v$ N+ d
2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
/ T/ |: a3 L( L. t    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
, |  i! g* ]2 G# n5 ]; G+ h5 \    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
9 `1 ], C  s) S& m( o; I, J    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home

1 R; R" h& N2 S( |) V! I* n) @自动挂载：

1.           vi /etc/fstab
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2. 
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3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
   $ o4 U4 ]) }* I
4. 
   , h9 s8 r3 M5 i
5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：

1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
   
2. 
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3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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* |- y4 U( V2 R
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