linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
+ X% C/ ]" x' H      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
, M+ ^$ ^  U2 H) F      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
! ^+ C7 q( m) P- o; ^6 D* P9 @; b      ...
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1. df -k
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2. df -lh
   
3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
5 D$ P) Y! u. Y& s( U) b    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
9 M; H, g* U/ h( f3 e6 q2 E    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
3 S. a+ R4 l/ C. E# {& r    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
! O! f& {1 J1 B. Y: Q: J    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用
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1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
: `9 f( c* Q. o: L  Z0 |( y    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
  q9 V0 q! W7 _  x    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
( ~7 t5 a: A4 k8 j    content won't be recoverable.
    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
! A' o( j5 u9 B/ z# D( `    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
+ e! e0 u5 s. f( N    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
5 g, r/ J4 J3 s* c- n8 E    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
+ G' ^4 U8 A2 e  J% A# g" Z       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
+ y- i: P! Y) B/ r$ T" G$ n    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
( A4 R$ T/ Y7 x$ C+ E( d& G- Y    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
8 @/ F: u0 x% D- ^! W* B    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
* g/ l9 N) I6 x- e$ C" `, M* x$ F       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
" m. M5 w5 w9 w2 f* _  P    Command (m for help): m
    Command action
/ I6 B0 B$ `& j" M" q1 R       a   toggle a bootable flag
' R% M9 u' z; [4 O       b   edit bsd disklabel
       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
       d   delete a partition
# m* D  X% {2 ^       l   list known partition types
       m   print this menu
/ ?8 Y- u; T' t; {! {       n   add a new partition
7 M* q! p* @! j$ e1 |       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
" h+ U' ^1 s: r* s. d5 h* [       p   print the partition table
       q   quit without saving changes
/ u' R( F  g6 i6 h       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
7 o4 j1 x- ]1 C! O- o4 ~* ~  R       t   change a partition's system id
       u   change display/entry units
       v   verify the partition table
       w   write table to disk and exit
       x   extra functionality (experts only)
& b2 ^6 ~, g  ~) r6 x8 Y- E3 k    Command (m for help): n
0 z& F5 m- }+ t: U: g    Command action
       e   extended
       p   primary partition (1-4)
" K& v6 W; {& F7 \    p
    Partition number (1-4): 1
    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
    Using default value 1
    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
    Command (m for help): p
. [, C  `9 R# f) i- T    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
+ ]0 G* r) |' @4 k' o) e7 Y7 [, N    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
: ]$ \- X4 B4 p% V5 [# L8 u    Command (m for help): w
    The partition table has been altered!
    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
- [4 U1 i1 b0 S! u! O    Syncing disks.
    //格式化新分区

1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
    Filesystem label=
    OS type: Linux
    Block size=1024 (log=0)
    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
& r6 [& M% a$ Y4 r5 h. Y    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
5 i* O$ n( k4 j7 S! n  r    First data block=1
$ z, h0 h( O) I' g1 c; T    62 block groups
  o& U2 |# h$ t% g% ?    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
/ q% a8 x* C4 G, B    2040 inodes per group
    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
( I$ _, u9 w8 C2 {' @& a            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
' I( l4 p: N% `6 A# z% m    Writing inode tables: done                           
1 `  k' s( w& B1 J6 E/ A- z+ a, q* \9 n    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
5 y  S- F% Z/ C& |1 ^2 A- E    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
" `! b. k  e% ^6 }    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
0 h( y( i2 \/ O3 f+ n  m    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
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1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
* L+ R4 a6 |& [! H    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
8 y3 P# p! W# X    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
# [) V; {) o* t5 J    //挂上新分区
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1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
   
2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
! W! z+ L  p% @3 Y. H% z$ R    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
' H) [7 A" J3 E6 h' v# V    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home
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1.           vi /etc/fstab
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2. 
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3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
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4. 
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5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：

1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
   
2. 
   
3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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