linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
+ y) M. n+ y0 v3 I- g  y      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
      ...

1. df -k
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2. df -lh
   
3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
+ X, W- l- m/ a$ g- R' ?    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用

1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
    content won't be recoverable.
' g6 H9 c8 `1 r' F8 y$ }    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
" O! ^2 a! t2 v* S    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
9 u$ d7 k6 R. }. n    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
3 {  t  S8 V$ G3 {* W7 k# W, T    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
8 B/ a, h6 o% f! b& M    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
: P: u9 V$ J* r       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
  D# B9 x, |$ s5 A    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
3 T7 u2 M5 {5 v( A5 W    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
4 g8 m, P3 @( C( M    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
- \$ T% r; n" l( Q1 S6 `% [, c    Command (m for help): m
    Command action
+ Q. k/ V! |/ G7 `6 m5 {+ e# s" d       a   toggle a bootable flag
       b   edit bsd disklabel
' `! G0 t% ?- n6 ?6 n: A! e8 L; X2 E       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
3 g# D( k& N  K4 n       d   delete a partition
       l   list known partition types
       m   print this menu
! v% S! k- a& T$ Y  J' G; ^- k       n   add a new partition
       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
       p   print the partition table
, Q( H; |4 L) E$ _       q   quit without saving changes
1 i* t# V9 q5 U2 Q       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
       t   change a partition's system id
       u   change display/entry units
       v   verify the partition table
       w   write table to disk and exit
; V4 B; h1 r( _% S  Q       x   extra functionality (experts only)
5 Y$ X, P: t3 B" H) s3 m    Command (m for help): n
. `! B/ l+ x$ R, l# Y2 r    Command action
4 i' u' l+ |1 G! U. m6 Q       e   extended
       p   primary partition (1-4)
    p
6 t+ ]6 h% G: ^" y! L    Partition number (1-4): 1
# q: c0 I5 m% v) P    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
    Using default value 1
    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
. {% O: G7 F! S! G( C    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
3 k$ {/ }6 [- C. j5 |  _    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
. ]  V! i/ t+ |    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
2 L. F  y( _9 [9 |    Command (m for help): w
2 N" \2 o2 c3 x: b/ `    The partition table has been altered!
* T6 E6 N) Y' ^- |" p" w# Y) T    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    Syncing disks.
    //格式化新分区
7 {4 _. W) R+ M

1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
7 _4 o7 ^+ g  b    Filesystem label=
  z" m* H" V1 o0 P    OS type: Linux
    Block size=1024 (log=0)
- I9 q6 V- D1 a7 D5 R    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
: X0 g8 I: T. }: y! c    First data block=1
8 p' m- d# c& |! R7 k    62 block groups
    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
0 L3 |. d1 f- [0 x    2040 inodes per group
    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
! j% V9 i1 C+ n$ l' }            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
/ r9 {8 @6 }7 e! |; {2 q5 H    Writing inode tables: done                           
) v4 t' p( P8 U+ I/ x    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
) o: @; s; M1 `8 T    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
4 ]! F! }# U0 S4 N$ T    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
' P4 ?, B7 z. _$ u5 B3 f    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
7 q  V5 v) R' [: }" I    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
1 p  Z! ~& t1 J; e2 W    //挂上新分区
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1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
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2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
. d/ f( L) S/ `2 q/ ^    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
2 n6 e6 Z# G/ z$ g: ]1 P; t8 B    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home
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; J$ T3 l! ^4 n; M自动挂载：

1.           vi /etc/fstab
   
2. 
   
3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
   
4. 
   ( a6 v0 d4 K8 m- J+ c
5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：

1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
   
2. 
   
3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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