linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
( G8 c+ ], c# U- ?8 p: `      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
6 X7 V/ `; }0 t% o# x      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
      ...

1. df -k
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2. df -lh
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3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
   , o; t- B* \) A9 y, R7 Y

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
7 f% E2 n  Q! k    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
2 p+ c6 B$ J2 p6 e& r$ j    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用

1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
3 E0 J1 J. W  L0 E( Q. h, E    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
7 |1 f* p9 \8 B# H( L2 R9 T    content won't be recoverable.
    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
6 ~1 k: b( T4 Y6 G/ T( S    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
# p# X  I" H2 U0 ^* Y! u    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
* u3 T. {- ?  m7 u. p       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
5 i8 j$ F  J1 a" M; n; Z    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
    Command (m for help): p
7 U! z' J$ x4 o; ~    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
9 r% N, p  Y& c% c7 ^: d       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
3 b. Z0 r9 {$ J5 F2 c& Y5 L    Command (m for help): m
; b; x7 k2 P6 \% R" k    Command action
' d8 r/ _* u- U; @7 ]$ T       a   toggle a bootable flag
       b   edit bsd disklabel
, ~2 ?# R. K0 J- L+ A       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
3 K8 h9 n2 J3 j       d   delete a partition
       l   list known partition types
       m   print this menu
       n   add a new partition
       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
       p   print the partition table
       q   quit without saving changes
       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
, `* n% g3 Q; D       t   change a partition's system id
       u   change display/entry units
' ~( K# w5 m6 _5 d       v   verify the partition table
       w   write table to disk and exit
6 G' i0 _7 P! j( P       x   extra functionality (experts only)
    Command (m for help): n
    Command action
       e   extended
       p   primary partition (1-4)
    p
    Partition number (1-4): 1
    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
    Using default value 1
    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
. F9 L0 g1 p5 W- Y6 r7 G/ z7 K2 `    Command (m for help): p
  A  G; l% I! {2 E  b    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
$ ?& P/ B3 z* F$ J( @2 W( ?( k       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
- f5 l0 s0 C# i1 P* M9 o    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
: a" Q8 u9 H+ l: z1 b3 z3 P: Y: U    Command (m for help): w
    The partition table has been altered!
9 s9 ~" ?2 _/ [0 y% J/ ^' F& u    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    Syncing disks.
" x9 w9 z4 H3 v# Z    //格式化新分区

1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
    Filesystem label=
    OS type: Linux
    Block size=1024 (log=0)
    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
8 E5 x- l" }) Y  I$ a/ F    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
8 Z7 ?: Y' q! `3 a$ U7 K5 e1 @    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
    First data block=1
    62 block groups
    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
    2040 inodes per group
    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
    Writing inode tables: done                           
    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
  l9 Q7 e+ @6 M" V' W/ F3 X" y    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
. I, z7 R0 f3 @    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
$ U3 A+ s- M, M: s  U2 C    //挂上新分区

1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
   1 S0 d. @8 S% g& f! p: f  y
2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
: x  Y' L* W! I  B6 P, f* }! M6 o    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
! G" K. L) i7 u    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home

8 c, D- D; A: w: Q9 z自动挂载：
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1.           vi /etc/fstab
   
2. 
   
3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
   
4. 
   % a' Q; l. t( a
5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：
6 _- ~5 {( I8 K/ `, |

1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
   
2. 
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3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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