linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
      ...
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1. df -k
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2. df -lh
   
3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
   

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
, S7 J6 Z; t" V+ P2 I' ?' h    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
+ j7 v  N3 W+ ]9 ?& _$ K/ s    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
% \" {) C6 y; U; ^5 c2 K$ \$ W4 B2 }    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用

1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
% E+ m  {! G% ^/ m3 {1 T. c    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
    content won't be recoverable.
    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
& F: H# f8 V- R& O    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
) u, v( B+ _, T  a1 u- p    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
1 w% P) F) Y3 b- G    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
    Command (m for help): p
, q: I) w: d/ H+ M# \  E' s) k    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
% m# M8 X% S! C    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
) h/ D( }7 c6 y  K0 @) q       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    Command (m for help): m
$ s9 R8 h  S+ n0 Z1 x9 H    Command action
       a   toggle a bootable flag
6 e" R9 M% ]/ R- V' ^       b   edit bsd disklabel
       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
  r, `6 p! h( W9 k; v  X       d   delete a partition
       l   list known partition types
. B6 h5 T$ C3 b8 ~& e       m   print this menu
) H! g# T' {" |7 q) C0 T       n   add a new partition
       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
       p   print the partition table
       q   quit without saving changes
/ C4 w% i2 e4 y8 b/ `7 `! S       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
       t   change a partition's system id
       u   change display/entry units
) @/ z3 J) _1 R6 k8 G% F' T       v   verify the partition table
! U% S0 n; v9 m* u2 X4 B       w   write table to disk and exit
       x   extra functionality (experts only)
! ^/ f; j" V+ j* F    Command (m for help): n
$ Q8 F5 t( w- n1 {2 e( Z3 _    Command action
" G0 f' N/ P) T7 w       e   extended
       p   primary partition (1-4)
    p
    Partition number (1-4): 1
0 v0 \5 z& R7 J" j    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
    Using default value 1
6 R- w1 z$ l6 s; C! f    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
    Command (m for help): p
  n  x# ]  }3 x1 a  j    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
8 {$ D* n3 _+ l. e/ [  J    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
4 n2 A8 k% _2 W    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
0 h& [7 Q. B9 f& X3 D# t. P       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
, M3 X3 S1 E8 g2 N    Command (m for help): w
    The partition table has been altered!
    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
. q2 ~4 i$ z$ g$ f- ~+ B    Syncing disks.
/ \! K9 ^( s! x    //格式化新分区
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1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
1 b2 H* H0 f1 U' J% X6 \: y    Filesystem label=
5 \4 O) R8 q" }9 W0 ~6 d' ^    OS type: Linux
  d' x9 W. s2 _4 T    Block size=1024 (log=0)
    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
  |- r  L! ?' K+ t; ^    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
- Z) ?! v) z0 V: |    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
    First data block=1
  z! S: ~% L' ^. [2 @    62 block groups
; D. D" O0 z: N  J9 i8 W0 f6 \1 T/ ?    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
    2040 inodes per group
    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
) O+ y" I0 |6 j8 F' F1 F) N            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
% }' Q6 i- B1 `! G3 F    Writing inode tables: done                           
' p; A+ n9 ?, P( b' i2 _    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
0 h$ w7 x% i, c    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
& K7 n3 S/ w4 l+ O5 V* s9 V/ y3 u    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
) D: R% h7 ^  [8 Z    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    //挂上新分区
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1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
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2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
/ J9 n  Z) v9 r$ {    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
0 H* I, {+ j2 k+ J& t    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
4 o8 R/ m' p1 ?% [, f    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
1 z& v1 j+ ~# D    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home

自动挂载：

1.           vi /etc/fstab
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2. 
   
3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
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4. 
   
5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：
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1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
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2. 
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3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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