linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
9 x# Z' I2 Q0 F# ?. h5 F( W  |      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
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1. df -k
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2. df -lh
   
3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
   

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
. V0 z) T, K" H' J$ z: W& y    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用
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1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
  m! u& k& v9 }7 a: G# T" f/ m! h6 P" l    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
    content won't be recoverable.
    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
% Z( r- @4 {7 k' f( O    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
* z) C. E$ e: F+ b( y    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
1 w  R* W. j9 l3 N  i    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    Command (m for help): m
1 Q) S) V: Z4 E3 c% F# k# e    Command action
" v9 K, G, [/ _5 z       a   toggle a bootable flag
       b   edit bsd disklabel
       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
       d   delete a partition
       l   list known partition types
" L# }( t3 B5 y6 u- _: X       m   print this menu
       n   add a new partition
9 [+ r4 d6 x( i1 H; k: l0 c" }0 x       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
. e/ \& c0 w" h6 Z       p   print the partition table
( W% {: W+ E4 R/ \( n9 x       q   quit without saving changes
       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
9 M6 g) z: h- s6 A       t   change a partition's system id
& s: g, d! o8 t       u   change display/entry units
       v   verify the partition table
$ H# a3 {, L% H% q' e  I/ `) y       w   write table to disk and exit
       x   extra functionality (experts only)
    Command (m for help): n
' d/ Z( u0 |( _1 {1 B$ Y    Command action
. \. ?7 G) l. x# t6 U$ E' r       e   extended
) p6 v% Z5 z+ ~# d  l       p   primary partition (1-4)
# r/ U! ]1 ], l    p
2 N3 g2 ^; j# ~. \, K/ l+ k    Partition number (1-4): 1
9 {  E+ L' @/ E# y$ O9 U9 r7 F    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
# O# D. M( O' B! e; `6 m6 F& p( H    Using default value 1
    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
    Command (m for help): p
( A& q8 p7 D( p1 I3 \    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
5 B) O# R& L6 E& A    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
5 u% F" c2 K3 p7 I/ e0 N$ `+ W       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
- l( m% l( P( {' R* j  w+ L! W    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
    Command (m for help): w
    The partition table has been altered!
5 T# h" S$ b5 a, V/ _  Q/ p! u2 s$ {    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    Syncing disks.
1 B' L9 N. T8 f. ?    //格式化新分区
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1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
; E, a6 G9 Y! o2 Y3 y    Filesystem label=
    OS type: Linux
    Block size=1024 (log=0)
; T# _0 e/ l5 R1 x* j& Y2 l    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
  d; E  G3 f1 J1 p% ^    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
    First data block=1
/ m5 A9 ~. D/ W  G- F    62 block groups
    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
* ]" f5 y' c! P    2040 inodes per group
2 |  C& b; y% m7 G    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
    Writing inode tables: done                           
    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
& A3 D' [( ^( u. J' P" S    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
7 m8 f0 U6 l. U7 W: I    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
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1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
& `+ {1 d; E& z9 A# G; ?* m4 x! v    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
2 s7 \4 ~+ a9 ^0 l8 O    //挂上新分区
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1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
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2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
0 N/ B6 X5 {0 ^4 H8 x- N" F    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
' b" O- t& _9 E, ]5 g$ N    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home
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6 O/ B, e& i( e自动挂载：
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1.           vi /etc/fstab
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2. 
   
3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
   
4. 
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5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：
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1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
   
2. 
   
3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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