linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
9 c# B+ I/ {# {4 ~5 H      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
      ...

1. df -k
   
2. df -lh
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3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
) y+ I8 x" H5 |% ]( D0 L    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
8 [/ T3 J% p7 \9 U7 C1 J    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用
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1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
' J* [. s# B+ Y    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
    content won't be recoverable.
    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
+ V3 z" a) S) ~$ [$ \    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
+ g2 ?" R4 J* J    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
! U0 S" B& L/ C1 b    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
, G4 K- ~# n- k+ f3 ^, G    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
    Command (m for help): p
9 k% Z( @6 L" j& U2 @# v  S7 {    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
. n3 r: h4 V) v. H: c2 u5 H# D% {% f    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
! b% A+ r# \% K2 D3 `9 a8 H    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    Command (m for help): m
: ]: @( J8 J$ t. [% D: \    Command action
       a   toggle a bootable flag
       b   edit bsd disklabel
       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
       d   delete a partition
. B; g) A, _: }6 a1 F9 Y: \       l   list known partition types
       m   print this menu
       n   add a new partition
; [1 _9 x9 l! G& K       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
) v1 H# \3 p5 [1 U7 w% Y       p   print the partition table
: s& P: G8 r- @: G6 I7 r       q   quit without saving changes
       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
. n4 O3 G1 G9 E) ]! D       t   change a partition's system id
       u   change display/entry units
& C* `! I, t+ b, Q, r/ i& A; ^# i: T       v   verify the partition table
0 q9 h1 ]: h" D* K5 e- k) H       w   write table to disk and exit
       x   extra functionality (experts only)
8 j+ t- f( _6 t    Command (m for help): n
9 g" V+ D1 B( z! S1 k8 l, o2 U    Command action
       e   extended
0 j" C5 @" S# f$ W8 A       p   primary partition (1-4)
    p
    Partition number (1-4): 1
& V! D" a7 \5 K  w5 h    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
" f/ s2 ]7 @: `$ U- z" e, }    Using default value 1
    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
- e" l- w$ o5 N' B- h    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
% F# [4 p6 S% ~, _3 T" C* U* d4 R    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
) _" ^+ h, b& m; H+ I       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
/ J1 q8 K' w; T1 ?    Command (m for help): w
    The partition table has been altered!
* i" G; A% |% f& j2 `; n7 R    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
( s- v" \: {* C! W" n    Syncing disks.
: M0 T3 D, S% v. a. t4 E    //格式化新分区
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1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
    Filesystem label=
    OS type: Linux
: I; e$ \/ _6 E. u0 h7 j2 M; W4 `% E    Block size=1024 (log=0)
# _6 ~% H* m* d7 z1 U* ~( y    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
    First data block=1
7 |! W2 H+ _- M9 J. K! c! l    62 block groups
    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
    2040 inodes per group
3 c" v2 n. x/ s% v    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
    Writing inode tables: done                           
1 S, e' E& X; c. h9 @! z* B8 c# I    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
8 o, N, O5 {7 z    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
4 ?8 O0 S# V; z2 \. E" ?    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
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1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
1 r$ \7 p" K: H3 q0 f- X& ^1 [    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
0 w5 Z* q/ }( V) @; V" m    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    //挂上新分区
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1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
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2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
) }5 T! \" b7 i( {. F5 \    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
! C" ]! l' E2 M$ I5 ~    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
& `& _! P& q! c$ P    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home

; Y7 J% B+ Z4 @  a$ w自动挂载：

1.           vi /etc/fstab
   
2. 
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3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
   
4. 
   . a' O6 O4 A' _' H* v
5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：
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1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
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2. 
   
3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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