linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
3 @& @( _9 C! |4 ?4 _+ p      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
: k& L2 a3 v- O. B* s4 m" G+ u      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
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1. df -k
   
2. df -lh
   
3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
   

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
& I+ N+ j2 u1 q    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
& N: }9 ^0 k6 H  s) b    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
7 _9 N- Y$ M+ W" u5 R    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用
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1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
( E* |$ E% n- o8 o  W2 c) F    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
- N5 k4 |1 Z0 ]0 r9 i+ ~    content won't be recoverable.
    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
) g% @  Z1 g# e; T( E    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
" ]3 k  \1 r; W# b& _  O    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
$ G* m, F- X& W% ~$ T       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
" Z. a/ ~2 r1 d; S* D* P$ z6 m    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
# j0 M$ p7 X- L& h! S    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
8 U: ~- E2 I- k7 T+ N# f( Q    Command (m for help): m
8 K( H: m) s+ m$ P  u$ N: ]: _! h. S    Command action
       a   toggle a bootable flag
- y1 Q* `9 r2 ~6 S+ a; i: c       b   edit bsd disklabel
       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
! u. [  x6 k$ D! a& O" u4 r4 P       d   delete a partition
6 Q8 c$ u* n3 ~: A       l   list known partition types
       m   print this menu
       n   add a new partition
       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
% n, d& t' H0 V       p   print the partition table
       q   quit without saving changes
8 H6 Y4 i+ p% I1 ]       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
       t   change a partition's system id
  K1 s2 M  i: h       u   change display/entry units
       v   verify the partition table
/ p0 e4 {9 `$ g7 n: @3 Z       w   write table to disk and exit
       x   extra functionality (experts only)
3 W% }+ c' J+ X6 S/ t0 |+ g    Command (m for help): n
    Command action
9 D4 O# d, i9 `) W0 i. h, I- _; S/ e       e   extended
       p   primary partition (1-4)
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, J6 X2 F$ t1 v! G8 ], X- a2 V; G2 \* n    Partition number (1-4): 1
2 t: x; c6 S' W/ b    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
/ Q. ~  c% ^% c, k' b' ]    Using default value 1
    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
, C: g% I% A0 W9 Z    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
  M5 `* v6 H( \- }* V    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
    Command (m for help): w
9 E' g4 Z4 N- ^# H8 K* d3 w8 `5 j    The partition table has been altered!
    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    Syncing disks.
4 _# [2 m$ b" j7 l# V    //格式化新分区
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1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
4 w' u1 M, E6 `    Filesystem label=
    OS type: Linux
    Block size=1024 (log=0)
    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
" W" P) s+ v3 _    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
( t6 s  [9 G6 D* ?4 }    First data block=1
    62 block groups
    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
    2040 inodes per group
3 w9 e0 M7 i9 P! x: B    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
; ^7 v, T3 T, i* T            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
    Writing inode tables: done                           
    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
/ ?# w) j3 _  Q! `. X1 |    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
6 R& Q7 }4 F* G$ D* D" b8 `0 Z    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
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1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
1 ~; K3 _: D- v" z    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
: f& v& K; L7 M2 C" g) y    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
% d1 t# p  ^. b' x5 c; @/ l    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    //挂上新分区
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1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
   
2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
6 p$ E/ L& l6 x    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
# z- A  M) B$ C    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home

自动挂载：
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1.           vi /etc/fstab
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2. 
   
3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
   
4. 
   
5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：

1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
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2. 
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3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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