linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
8 u; G+ [* K5 d( ~) I7 j      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
      ...
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1. df -k
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2. df -lh
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3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
   

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
7 h+ K+ x7 D: w- r" ?; Z7 N    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
! v, {4 p6 j# u) A! ^7 V    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用
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1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
2 `$ V, a- ], ?  ^# q! o; B, `    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
# a" n2 ~4 P9 w* W    content won't be recoverable.
    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
2 u2 r0 E% j( l" l) L4 q/ p9 `5 x- S    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
; O2 U8 G. l5 f9 Z  r; S9 C7 [9 p    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
" S2 ]  _6 v) R8 A' k, e/ O' U    Command (m for help): p
2 X* \$ z2 y, L; S" c+ S: h! J    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
5 |: D& R) i$ E- c5 e    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
4 W; Z2 C# [8 T5 |0 U5 H6 I! ^    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
8 i/ Y8 c" c3 L, V3 Z9 i( U$ E    Command (m for help): m
4 L6 W; N1 l4 N2 x    Command action
       a   toggle a bootable flag
       b   edit bsd disklabel
) ]6 W& C2 X9 Q6 t       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
       d   delete a partition
3 S! _) L$ H# ]  }0 Q3 Y; a       l   list known partition types
8 ?3 `( ?2 m1 T/ `$ x8 R  P       m   print this menu
       n   add a new partition
       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
) n( k8 T% f/ w/ b3 Z/ O  m       p   print the partition table
       q   quit without saving changes
       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
       t   change a partition's system id
       u   change display/entry units
8 g# {# B+ m. o+ h1 H, I1 H" ?6 H       v   verify the partition table
       w   write table to disk and exit
2 N+ t$ X& G1 j8 U. I       x   extra functionality (experts only)
    Command (m for help): n
    Command action
       e   extended
       p   primary partition (1-4)
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+ {% ~8 j! I1 ?. c7 R7 m    Partition number (1-4): 1
; q" W0 D1 _7 B    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
    Using default value 1
1 \3 u0 C5 p3 M8 I- X* V2 w    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
. U1 I5 ^* r- O5 a    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
. i# w$ d  f- r    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
/ R* i3 T" i* K, Q& |    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
4 W) L- J( u" u) z% k       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
( n# X5 O% U* f/ T/ n    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
6 b9 f4 v+ p1 I: I8 C* b# N7 z; s1 d    Command (m for help): w
    The partition table has been altered!
    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
" W0 X& g5 U* j0 Z2 N4 C7 M    Syncing disks.
1 O2 R( [# ?# U* @. o8 _    //格式化新分区
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1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
    Filesystem label=
( e5 m1 C) G3 @9 \, @    OS type: Linux
    Block size=1024 (log=0)
( Y  d6 g7 t' ^: L: r8 F" ^" P    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
    First data block=1
    62 block groups
    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
7 S2 u1 m  X- ^5 p# K    2040 inodes per group
    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
    Writing inode tables: done                           
4 t( j& \( [: o1 u* ]7 i9 W; B; }    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
2 x5 `  d5 i% I, L) Z$ @    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
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1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
, c7 b1 p- w. i    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
' E2 `4 e6 H# p* A    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
8 F* _' M' ?7 `3 S- t; \& ]    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    //挂上新分区

1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
   
2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
% E8 ~( v+ A3 B, L5 S/ p5 x4 Z    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home

$ k2 w- N* s) K) B/ ~4 |, m自动挂载：

1.           vi /etc/fstab
   
2. 
   
3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
   
4. 
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5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：

1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
   
2. 
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3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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