linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
, ~2 g  U& d5 x; A/ T      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
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1. df -k
   
2. df -lh
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3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
5 I1 C- B! t4 L9 H6 F2 z4 J/ d! G    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
; l: T1 _0 d- N# i9 \    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用

1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
/ F( D( R+ R1 Y# [- r    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
    content won't be recoverable.
' s2 k4 ~; B4 z1 I# G; @( e    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
/ M2 d  x" h* c0 P* E, _5 H! _' s; _    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
+ m1 T. Q" a5 u    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
1 i% P6 f# B2 M2 @0 |! h6 Z$ |    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
) U8 P; X2 U9 W, k1 I- E       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
2 K- y1 I  |- \; E: N$ ?    Command (m for help): m
; g$ s" n0 p; x2 u0 P! i    Command action
       a   toggle a bootable flag
       b   edit bsd disklabel
       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
( _1 S% E" n( J3 l4 o       d   delete a partition
       l   list known partition types
6 V& A& P5 r& S9 g3 K) f  c       m   print this menu
       n   add a new partition
$ X, R. }3 u" e3 l) ^3 W$ ^# {       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
6 k, E6 |) }  ^; E6 h       p   print the partition table
1 k0 o, Q. t4 w6 E" }- w& }3 t       q   quit without saving changes
       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
       t   change a partition's system id
: v! [# M3 l: r3 d       u   change display/entry units
       v   verify the partition table
       w   write table to disk and exit
( Q, u2 ]! p9 E4 M" K       x   extra functionality (experts only)
    Command (m for help): n
    Command action
       e   extended
2 c. K9 \& U* H2 y$ @' X0 l4 v/ r% u       p   primary partition (1-4)
    p
, w) h" ]( w; K7 U7 n$ }    Partition number (1-4): 1
7 Q" ~  D% ?( L* d6 C    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
' V3 ]  ~% q$ K2 z7 K- D    Using default value 1
5 l. t1 x0 i1 t; A' _6 k7 w' X    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
! r1 Y: g' A6 R4 w: h. a" `# M( y    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
7 G! C+ S& J- n: E3 m2 {    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
    Command (m for help): w
& R5 ^3 X9 A& w, p    The partition table has been altered!
    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    Syncing disks.
    //格式化新分区
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1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
    Filesystem label=
    OS type: Linux
    Block size=1024 (log=0)
+ T+ ~) x+ Z! R, L  l    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
: t# g9 y) v+ j  v    First data block=1
4 N2 W# g$ u* h/ S9 p2 }    62 block groups
    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
    2040 inodes per group
" {/ F6 L. k4 Q3 Q/ p# r: F    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
! Y0 m& m% \: n            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
; `. Q) ~+ k4 ^    Writing inode tables: done                           
2 {$ F5 h) Y9 p. i    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
1 p3 u" j/ e. G1 t8 }) L) w4 a! ?    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
  o1 I0 p9 r8 q$ o    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
5 b: k: R% W" L% }9 U    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
2 M5 _1 W1 m1 V, ^$ T    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
7 r; T3 s4 ]% C; T: x    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    //挂上新分区

1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
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2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
0 L0 n/ R  ]# Y: B/ N3 O' M    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
; }" G# \  S8 e" U( T* q# S4 {/ A    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
) S0 \# ]' ]. f9 `% o& g* T    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home
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自动挂载：

1.           vi /etc/fstab
   
2. 
   
3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
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4. 
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5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：
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1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
   
2. 
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3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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