linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
      ...

1. df -k
   
2. df -lh
   + n# H$ G) ?, m& h, i
3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
   ) c3 ?6 A9 M5 N& ~4 L# b% }' V

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
- p$ y3 A% ~% f    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用

1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
0 O- M; p& f( t) T) ?( k    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
: |, w, E& Y7 A: O; q& [; _    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
    content won't be recoverable.
    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
- a* n5 [9 F" ]$ x    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
$ |; c6 k" L6 E) S- D5 Q7 u    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
- c! z& x) ]7 s2 [1 e3 J+ {    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
: b% I# y7 A' [* Z1 I    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
9 U$ u' r) x) C9 I$ K3 n' P       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    Command (m for help): m
    Command action
: m% W- {2 Z. w9 G% |) r+ r8 j       a   toggle a bootable flag
       b   edit bsd disklabel
) s& B, n" N2 [! u( v       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
. n9 E2 z! m* |, g1 D: t9 Q       d   delete a partition
       l   list known partition types
5 j1 h2 W  W; P* }8 W; o9 }       m   print this menu
       n   add a new partition
       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
       p   print the partition table
       q   quit without saving changes
* x; }' y5 F3 M% ~' H: s3 h       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
       t   change a partition's system id
* Z, x2 M/ q/ m       u   change display/entry units
       v   verify the partition table
       w   write table to disk and exit
, k0 ~" s% i; l7 \& ^! y+ W       x   extra functionality (experts only)
    Command (m for help): n
    Command action
       e   extended
       p   primary partition (1-4)
    p
. O4 v# T* [; D+ h! q8 P8 \6 Q. @    Partition number (1-4): 1
    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
* e& H+ a1 ~( T7 y    Using default value 1
    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
$ y9 n# O5 G# v( W" \% Z    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
+ h" ~7 l; h  R# I    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
% [6 j6 a3 I0 P+ M    Command (m for help): w
% a1 `* D9 r& N. Q  B    The partition table has been altered!
    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
. ^7 j) c: h1 I    Syncing disks.
    //格式化新分区

1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
4 ]/ p, s" ~5 G* \5 ~6 K    Filesystem label=
    OS type: Linux
7 U% R  p; V. h" Y    Block size=1024 (log=0)
. e$ s1 r1 a3 K0 |, L1 V; a; O    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
/ _( ?! F: {2 g    First data block=1
    62 block groups
+ e( @7 \3 l2 Q* Q    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
    2040 inodes per group
    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
    Writing inode tables: done                           
    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
6 S  P$ j; u" M# W( s! J    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    //挂上新分区

1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
   
2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
4 U2 T% [0 m5 q    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
9 Q3 G* I( ~1 K8 {% i  t/ h    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home
0 Q& ^' \! o1 K. Z- ]
自动挂载：
' ?+ W* q6 U9 e- R, w5 C: I. z+ W

1.           vi /etc/fstab
   
2. 
   
3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
   * ^: I7 f) \8 j( F
4. 
   
5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：

1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
   ( |7 s; g& L9 t' v0 S2 s+ ~
2. 
   
3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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