linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
3 p1 g$ J$ m- k, T7 n6 b      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
      ...
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1. df -k
   
2. df -lh
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3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
   

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
, L2 P; e( o+ V    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用

1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
/ q) ^# k7 W9 }; {& C    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
    content won't be recoverable.
    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
" k% S; _7 O& T" u+ N8 w1 h' r    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
- p/ o2 X# o9 f4 B3 c3 X: I5 K    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
0 z+ o# f; n+ Q5 Z  _& x    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
% z3 _8 j1 A' w6 K7 G: O    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
/ I3 C- h( _3 X% t* v4 d' l    Command (m for help): p
  D9 T4 I7 t7 e' f* `    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
* I% \5 T) S) d3 I7 B0 t6 B    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
8 j: S, }! s' c9 }' l7 O    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
8 e9 R+ A/ s2 J3 O       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
! J3 v4 X$ m9 U- j* ?9 ~2 d    Command (m for help): m
0 \6 v: Y# M# p" L; @) g/ n    Command action
% H) N. ?' Q) V  N/ S6 G       a   toggle a bootable flag
       b   edit bsd disklabel
7 m8 w3 h  D; g. r' w. a6 o3 i       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
1 Y- U/ S* r$ V- W- _, L; \       d   delete a partition
       l   list known partition types
. ^" ?4 Q7 j; Q6 n5 k9 a       m   print this menu
$ Q+ ~1 }- R9 g( X9 ^* H8 C       n   add a new partition
5 g- `- i, X  v8 G: _1 l* i       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
       p   print the partition table
( R$ U, H: f# ~# ~; M" b( \       q   quit without saving changes
* }; V4 B: _. _       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
       t   change a partition's system id
% M" L8 G- W0 \2 V3 o/ t% }6 F       u   change display/entry units
       v   verify the partition table
- {# F& s% ^& w/ g# x9 R$ U       w   write table to disk and exit
       x   extra functionality (experts only)
    Command (m for help): n
: y7 U5 `. Q: N& x9 u8 S1 d    Command action
       e   extended
       p   primary partition (1-4)
    p
( L% o8 C* c8 s: g, p& I* x    Partition number (1-4): 1
    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
    Using default value 1
    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
    Command (m for help): p
  V* O  E/ e4 ?. t4 `. G. d    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
, `$ W2 v/ |& s: X8 n  ?* y0 h    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
$ `2 ^2 t4 M3 B& m9 f  N    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
3 C7 w- e7 S, g$ `    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
    Command (m for help): w
! {0 K; r% F; k! j1 y    The partition table has been altered!
    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
+ N: t3 P9 K4 L2 C( _$ ]2 @    Syncing disks.
    //格式化新分区

1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
* ]8 t- H- I* e3 j4 H8 I! n    Filesystem label=
    OS type: Linux
( z3 B( l$ E! B) T0 e1 Q. e    Block size=1024 (log=0)
    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
- b# W: M: i+ ], [, e    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
# W# y% L/ ~# @    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
    First data block=1
. N7 i) j3 F9 ^2 D    62 block groups
" [5 c+ f9 j( o. g7 K" D4 Z5 O    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
; I5 ]$ g6 U7 K1 R" B. n    2040 inodes per group
    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
9 q4 k, E) K( M. b            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
) q/ n1 z! L9 G8 r. Y4 N( I1 q    Writing inode tables: done                           
+ i3 {' s0 y: V6 S$ Y8 ?    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
4 q- |$ y7 @0 Z, G4 I. d    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
3 }, C( x) J  _    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
+ q* D, @# K2 R1 S( m# x    //挂上新分区
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1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
   
2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
  n6 i0 c4 N+ U    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
+ n" I. s5 g3 I8 ?    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home
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5 B+ ?$ L1 L2 |+ ?, `自动挂载：
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1.           vi /etc/fstab
   
2. 
   
3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
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4. 
   
5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：

1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
   
2. 
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3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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