linux下添加新硬盘方法

admin

1. fdisk

复制代码

Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
6 O! n9 S9 X' B1 }. e3 y; k) W" X      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
' i, |5 b* D; }6 r7 W2 E      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
+ X% s0 F+ v* \' t2 K" O7 ~1 `      ...
$ k5 `$ x8 g0 m! T6 O+ H: b

1. df -k
   3 {9 _0 u. I/ T' z4 {
2. df -lh
   
3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
   

复制代码

文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
) q* N# f& L' n6 i* h& T3 a1 H. H    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用
; z. D$ ~# L! t& [# w. S

1. fdisk /dev/hda

复制代码

Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
' ^$ v9 t' T" r7 X* N    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
- R/ S; s( y' f8 @. D    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
- z+ p- o- E7 t; S7 O    content won't be recoverable.
    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
& M5 s1 o* m; n  r. n, r) i7 k    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
, @/ a+ F; ~2 q4 j6 R! f5 J8 U    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
0 M1 U, ?# |" n, E5 G  B  D    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
6 ]) M7 O" C8 k( B& K* m; _# ]    Command (m for help): p
+ a4 g1 H% @  m. N& A    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    Command (m for help): m
8 v) J. Y1 x' n  c/ U    Command action
; N8 x. C" X( D       a   toggle a bootable flag
  M: T+ U3 H9 T5 r; z% k       b   edit bsd disklabel
       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
- m- U9 q1 I) f; r       d   delete a partition
) K. ?- W3 _% I6 g+ ]2 y       l   list known partition types
3 y9 c1 ^  A2 o: D; ]- ]  U9 Q       m   print this menu
' R8 B6 S5 p: _- C: {" X3 x1 M       n   add a new partition
* O+ a+ T2 Z, v) r       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
       p   print the partition table
       q   quit without saving changes
2 w, I; ~% [) u5 A/ p9 f  B( N8 m7 f       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
/ ?: b/ k& R& s' W1 D       t   change a partition's system id
% t  @$ G1 a/ o5 F7 ?$ d5 ^       u   change display/entry units
       v   verify the partition table
1 n7 D% m  Q7 J5 H; r: C       w   write table to disk and exit
       x   extra functionality (experts only)
    Command (m for help): n
$ S! i6 X0 j( b- X0 {# x) x    Command action
/ q$ j  z$ N2 `) C9 s6 {       e   extended
: s! n" ^; O3 X9 u) W0 _       p   primary partition (1-4)
* J& f  c- d: ]  q9 M    p
    Partition number (1-4): 1
$ p. [4 P( A. }4 f! [    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
    Using default value 1
/ N' `( V5 t3 I5 S( t& V) i! F    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
; h, B9 N# M) b# z. S/ Y    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
7 v$ C2 I" Q: ?5 D0 m- \1 [    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
# s; b% s& v% ]& x% T. A    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
$ D* x' T, ]# D    Command (m for help): w
    The partition table has been altered!
& G% L% M0 _+ H    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
" ~! K: ]/ [4 ^; z$ }; ]    Syncing disks.
, ^# a( _( h0 c    //格式化新分区
! c$ R8 `" _0 g9 X0 Y- D& S

1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

复制代码

mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
+ h9 j# L. j' e# b0 a6 |) P! Q    Filesystem label=
    OS type: Linux
: r: i7 ~: q( y( p+ F# i; g1 m0 m    Block size=1024 (log=0)
    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
) p0 J2 U2 Y8 S5 `    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
    First data block=1
    62 block groups
    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
    2040 inodes per group
# b0 P4 r( `$ Y3 e: ^; e. G) a, I' S    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
! @- B$ A0 \# j* K  s- |            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
, M. l! i6 u$ }) j    Writing inode tables: done                           
    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
0 ^, r% v! \. t- w' Y; R' v    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
/ \( ~( f/ a( o! _" O    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
, ^; ^0 E6 m$ e

1. df -k

复制代码

文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
2 K. `1 y! n. y5 i) o% N2 j' G    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
2 E9 W5 A- Z* U% b  G  N    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
- J6 k2 [9 w2 f4 i    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    //挂上新分区
- a  g) D* ~, X  f

1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
   
2. df -k

复制代码

文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
. ]& s( W5 H) H; I& S7 \# ]    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
7 K1 P7 a. X9 d( P/ ]    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home
, C4 Q- ]: x3 Y( z' G( o2 i
自动挂载：
1 d6 @( N9 O( _+ v. n3 E* q. N

1.           vi /etc/fstab
   - |  ]4 }4 q4 {8 u, a$ d
2. 
   
3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
   
4. 
   % O$ E# |1 @0 U/ Q+ M; o5 ]
5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

复制代码

手动挂载：

1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
   
2. 
   
3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

复制代码

0 k- R" V- i( J: \9 |
- d0 g+ {3 _' k* C) R  h
9 F" J/ g8 R: s! n8 M% o