linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
1 N/ Z. ?: @+ q8 f0 f1 Q7 R      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
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1. df -k
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2. df -lh
   
3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
   

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
6 Z; P7 b. D0 [3 h/ }, `/ `    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
, i% n% E- H) y- L9 A2 Q8 o    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
2 d) a' d  C0 m+ \: a    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用

1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
( b6 p& \- @# Q  W6 I% D    content won't be recoverable.
: J; u+ S( B6 Y. Z5 f# F    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
# Y8 o8 k/ S9 f! S1 p; p2 W4 p6 s    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
8 c4 d. c+ P$ q7 z! Z    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
# ~& M# @- S" k+ R3 E    Command (m for help): p
1 [7 x' S+ t. ?: y+ S5 i    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
* _) y! F4 o6 S3 ^    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    Command (m for help): m
    Command action
       a   toggle a bootable flag
6 z) S6 h4 C4 q6 T! Y       b   edit bsd disklabel
       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
       d   delete a partition
       l   list known partition types
       m   print this menu
+ T- u+ f8 m  k8 u. k2 u/ w       n   add a new partition
       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
       p   print the partition table
       q   quit without saving changes
. {5 \2 W0 A, r  N4 z# }5 P       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
# [+ ^  e& L$ {% w6 A: I$ H  w2 a& }       t   change a partition's system id
       u   change display/entry units
2 v+ F  j& j* l/ t" h  P       v   verify the partition table
  X0 D9 |! W: e- C9 C3 j3 U# x       w   write table to disk and exit
       x   extra functionality (experts only)
    Command (m for help): n
& S. H4 @: Y0 J) V* y3 H0 Z    Command action
; L" B" m2 \; p! U4 j- i       e   extended
' u# V  \4 [5 b; k4 R, t4 q# g8 A       p   primary partition (1-4)
    p
    Partition number (1-4): 1
    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
% X9 W$ i- T& D- S9 U! F$ v    Using default value 1
# u8 ?. U+ T) R5 W- t5 Q    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
    Command (m for help): p
0 g2 y* k5 X  s9 g1 r    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
! t; z" V0 ^3 E6 C  B; y    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
6 T# o* U/ a3 g4 P# U) E    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
! e6 a3 X0 i- R4 C! t       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
    Command (m for help): w
    The partition table has been altered!
    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    Syncing disks.
( l% {" z( F; h4 `# z8 Z& A6 ]; v    //格式化新分区
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1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
  a* i6 [  z7 F2 R/ H; [1 e8 Z    Filesystem label=
    OS type: Linux
    Block size=1024 (log=0)
+ g3 `* t! U' m$ [  R    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
# z5 ?( D$ E) f' D0 @    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
    First data block=1
3 y: ^/ v, y0 P" i1 B    62 block groups
    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
    2040 inodes per group
% ]7 ?* i6 ~$ p6 f    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
$ s- }" y# V" b( p- S) j. J$ P    Writing inode tables: done                           
    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
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1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
7 q5 d2 x$ d" j& Z* f- F    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    //挂上新分区
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1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
   
2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
- D5 F; K; \. ~- M; j. M) a    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
/ D; y$ w" Q  c- m    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home
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' V0 L3 T) x; z  d9 M- B$ ]1 H, G自动挂载：
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1.           vi /etc/fstab
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2. 
   
3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
   
4. 
   
5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：
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1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
   
2. 
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3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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