linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
' q+ X% K- f9 j2 B, O" u% c0 ]8 \, {      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
      ...
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1. df -k
   
2. df -lh
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3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
   

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
7 C; f' I- q1 x7 E    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
7 k2 J) K+ }% f  }0 [1 \( G    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
2 A! l( \6 |, _! N    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用
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1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
* F6 a4 Y6 K1 ~/ l    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
( Y; O* `! M1 Y- N: D* [& g8 [    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
    content won't be recoverable.
    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
" C- _! x: \4 Q* B- D7 ^    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
$ c$ t# v* K. R$ U7 B4 p       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
# i# r8 N7 t4 [4 ], d) M    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
5 [& R( S9 r4 h9 q    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
! r+ [% K6 Z% v) D" y    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
$ e3 m9 q( M6 u2 y% T       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    Command (m for help): m
. g3 L9 u3 p7 N3 q    Command action
9 j4 W8 @( L4 N+ c. P' v0 w       a   toggle a bootable flag
       b   edit bsd disklabel
1 C! s9 B, O* ?1 h       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
       d   delete a partition
3 I3 u$ F% b" w3 L       l   list known partition types
       m   print this menu
       n   add a new partition
       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
       p   print the partition table
9 p1 O% H0 Q" G       q   quit without saving changes
, D: v  z8 o5 N: V* H7 Z* G8 ~/ j       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
9 b3 ]6 c( ]9 B8 f3 f# b3 S" Y+ r       t   change a partition's system id
7 u6 G( A: c& [( E; K" q) X       u   change display/entry units
# T* i" [0 }% Q; h1 J4 t       v   verify the partition table
/ _0 _: W2 P; S7 I5 q2 V4 S3 v       w   write table to disk and exit
6 n, a% s* V5 ]5 q       x   extra functionality (experts only)
    Command (m for help): n
    Command action
       e   extended
       p   primary partition (1-4)
' T. e" Z: i" a9 U- ]4 V    p
( e! f5 a# h' w+ M# m2 D5 L. x    Partition number (1-4): 1
    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
    Using default value 1
6 Y6 ?0 x) [$ o% m; c    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
    Command (m for help): p
  B0 y3 s" z' [4 B" g2 n    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
/ _" [; _% q9 P5 f    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
    Command (m for help): w
5 c6 [# M7 A6 u1 t, e  _/ B    The partition table has been altered!
" l. D7 b6 l. x; E  A* j1 C    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    Syncing disks.
    //格式化新分区
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1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
6 R- u5 G, V; k" ~9 ~    Filesystem label=
    OS type: Linux
    Block size=1024 (log=0)
/ J1 y# w% G8 g    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
- X# \# b8 B, R    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
  X, Z! F3 y4 G    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
( C6 w* p5 L, l( [    First data block=1
    62 block groups
    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
# Y: K+ Z! a0 C$ E0 l, L6 }    2040 inodes per group
    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
. N3 x$ X/ U% [- X            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
    Writing inode tables: done                           
) n2 Z, ^; o$ \! y7 W    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
% o* H( J! P8 x& y6 o    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
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1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
* ?2 v8 W* Z4 K4 U, w    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
7 D; y" o3 m$ Y3 X5 m' Q1 ^    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    //挂上新分区

1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
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2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
; m9 d7 }: p5 Z* A. u8 l  w4 i    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home
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自动挂载：
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1.           vi /etc/fstab
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2. 
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3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
   
4. 
   
5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：

1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
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2. 
   
3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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