linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
! e  A; H  o% ?      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
      ...

1. df -k
   
2. df -lh
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3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
3 ]5 r7 X, t2 @, q$ j3 h$ R    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用
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1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
    content won't be recoverable.
) V3 C# y1 C  b' s* Y0 f    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
" F/ f3 P0 w7 \3 G    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
) Q/ D! R" j: H- O8 y* ]8 z+ B$ R    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
* k+ C6 f; }% x& ?" w    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
  o$ v) V8 e' x8 A       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
7 D, d4 i0 x7 y% O. m( w0 ]6 w    Command (m for help): m
    Command action
       a   toggle a bootable flag
       b   edit bsd disklabel
       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
       d   delete a partition
       l   list known partition types
       m   print this menu
       n   add a new partition
% e, K% j7 k2 g# F: l       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
9 K' x0 _; ~( y; E( B1 m       p   print the partition table
       q   quit without saving changes
; u3 e8 y1 F+ @" @. K0 y       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
& Z% T# E/ l2 I: ?; L8 S       t   change a partition's system id
4 ~+ C2 _% R6 b8 O6 B. k. [       u   change display/entry units
5 O6 l/ d  F4 M. M( V       v   verify the partition table
, L0 _* N+ P4 q       w   write table to disk and exit
       x   extra functionality (experts only)
# S: s3 R% q& S% ~    Command (m for help): n
    Command action
+ z- U$ j' t- J( a       e   extended
  B% C- W: [( a/ {) U/ ^       p   primary partition (1-4)
! G8 v5 ^# {1 N1 W& ]6 Y    p
& V' y8 N( K! f) V) }* H    Partition number (1-4): 1
    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
3 g! @1 n) N+ D! J7 E    Using default value 1
    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
    Command (m for help): p
  E3 ~  T/ Y( t& i) {    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
5 b! C) f0 U; T9 v! l    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
; r' N2 f" U) ?% Z6 I7 s       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
3 }; Q6 k4 w  ^6 b" j" D    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
    Command (m for help): w
    The partition table has been altered!
+ f/ k" o8 I. D* y; y8 J5 I" c    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    Syncing disks.
5 Y: d+ ]+ w) D# _! ]    //格式化新分区

1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
    Filesystem label=
    OS type: Linux
    Block size=1024 (log=0)
    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
    First data block=1
    62 block groups
. n1 G* W2 r( |0 b) r( \: v    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
    2040 inodes per group
    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
* G; u0 A0 z" [6 C! ?            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
    Writing inode tables: done                           
    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
6 }& [1 T7 O9 f    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
2 d6 G  g7 k% L& U5 e$ ]    //挂上新分区
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1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
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2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
; g) K, U0 f' l    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
# }$ e6 Y" C/ K+ |1 k    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home

自动挂载：
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1.           vi /etc/fstab
   
2. 
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3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
   
4. 
   
5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：
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1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
   
2. 
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3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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