linux下添加新硬盘方法

admin

1. fdisk

复制代码

Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
5 @9 }! u. }- u      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
6 J6 H+ Q" p% O! X# `+ A0 I6 D4 U0 |      ...
  L- a/ O: b5 G" Q) b2 n/ E( j& h

1. df -k
   
2. df -lh
   
3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
   4 P. y, u3 O4 R) H; h* e- Z

复制代码

文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用
5 G7 {* T" T( x

1. fdisk /dev/hda

复制代码

Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
7 h9 \1 r# \9 A1 P# D    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
    content won't be recoverable.
    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
# R3 H  K& ^# G+ N" Z    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
+ Z( ^' I* b. c) y! Q2 y( m    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
- ^; W2 @( D6 T' a  B5 N. E    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
/ `' z  y6 o8 M8 v& S( L    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
/ t+ O4 m, H. A7 R( v    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
7 y: P1 D' m- C$ S) `2 ~) v    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    Command (m for help): m
/ i) q- Y- F. A- _  w: Q& y' L/ C    Command action
       a   toggle a bootable flag
       b   edit bsd disklabel
  e5 i. X: A3 ~- V, U       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
       d   delete a partition
) P3 Y. I1 b+ m* v$ e8 F       l   list known partition types
6 ^* o% R: {+ h. J. C       m   print this menu
       n   add a new partition
; t, c, ~; B: _       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
4 e2 q4 I/ M* g) ]3 q1 f' j       p   print the partition table
$ B2 k. A2 Y4 ^2 u+ G6 E       q   quit without saving changes
0 [1 U# f* d0 Y: d       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
3 V6 Z  e6 e& l9 L2 {, i& c; W$ o       t   change a partition's system id
" ]8 Q' R) X9 H$ M' s( I% J       u   change display/entry units
& N' ~/ `2 S7 M+ V  O: R3 w- ~' t9 c       v   verify the partition table
, V& L: }5 t  G0 P$ k       w   write table to disk and exit
% ~. b4 r; X/ ^0 Y5 D& R- G       x   extra functionality (experts only)
* l( Z8 e% z! r    Command (m for help): n
    Command action
$ L- W' z8 R# i9 r" k0 `       e   extended
+ o8 U) S9 Y: r) m" c       p   primary partition (1-4)
    p
7 V: f$ p9 l8 _/ ^/ |    Partition number (1-4): 1
    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
    Using default value 1
0 T4 X+ B. l% N/ s    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
" {3 @. {- N# }6 Z* P  B    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
4 \. R0 y. b8 U    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
! C4 I3 l# g/ K, p6 M2 J    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
    Command (m for help): w
    The partition table has been altered!
    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
9 ]4 k& f8 C0 e  S9 W    Syncing disks.
    //格式化新分区
0 S2 s* F/ M; x6 H

1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

复制代码

mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
2 W. n' q' r& ]' j+ h, G/ ], p    Filesystem label=
    OS type: Linux
    Block size=1024 (log=0)
& q  I# K' A/ Y' K8 O( X    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
* ~/ B8 q8 B( B8 w, F2 ]4 E    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
  N3 h- P2 e0 v0 n" p& d- i/ v    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
    First data block=1
    62 block groups
0 z7 |# x9 N# \4 {$ ~    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
2 s6 z! K0 r# E# |4 H& a, m    2040 inodes per group
    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
% L8 s& n! o& m    Writing inode tables: done                           
    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
" z5 w+ X$ [: w; t    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

1. df -k

复制代码

文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
& R' H! U  y( j- I8 d. I    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
% P4 a- i* K! U' w* f    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
$ d* w0 u5 \4 b- U    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
) p9 Z$ B% R+ j' w4 _/ A4 b! m7 g    //挂上新分区
8 C2 e6 D% N0 x" p9 s/ E, n

1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
   : n7 a  w! c: ?5 ?! H1 i- m
2. df -k

复制代码

文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
8 J/ Y/ p' r/ M: S) v7 z    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
/ {! r  o$ F/ o) j9 G# i4 F    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
/ x9 l/ d3 J1 {' d    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
4 e3 F/ G: g/ H# X( z+ @, @2 s2 L+ e    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home
2 i' _  X3 s  o4 v. D2 o& r6 L
自动挂载：

1.           vi /etc/fstab
   
2. 
   
3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
   . S/ h( I+ d3 A5 V* w) H, [
4. 
   9 G: P0 I( Z( `. _. ]) x. y& |8 J
5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

复制代码

手动挂载：

1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
   ) P% |/ e' c- a: V# |
2. 
   
3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

复制代码

/ R8 G% n( e5 v( \$ Q, r