linux下添加新硬盘方法

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1. fdisk

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Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device    E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda  (for the first IDE disk)
0 S) c4 T' l7 `" e      or: fdisk /dev/sdc  (for the third SCSI disk)
      or: fdisk /dev/eda  (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
7 @' B6 R1 N$ t      or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0  or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0  (for RAID devices)
      ...

1. df -k
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2. df -lh
   
3. 查看有几块硬盘：fdisk -l
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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705968   2828716  20% /
6 Z6 q  v/ r, I    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
- \4 J4 R9 B3 i, E2 R' n    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
( Q9 z, B" s2 Z    对新硬盘分区，4G硬盘中划出1G作为新分区。给/home使用
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1. fdisk /dev/hda

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Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
    Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
8 c; D* P, ^2 t5 y' x3 Y# T    until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
9 S: i6 {$ y* D3 s    content won't be recoverable.
    The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 8322.
% q) q& c, e7 }    There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
* [& s5 y- j; L" W" G8 k* D5 c: C1 e    and could in certain setups cause problems with:
% ?: @9 V3 Y+ \1 M    1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
# o4 U! k1 E; O    2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
       (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
    Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
: @  E0 W; i0 W    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
" R* b5 y- ~8 I3 R2 V; F       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    Command (m for help): m
7 ^, B! P) [* V, T! J9 R9 f    Command action
  `! [% [* T4 ^       a   toggle a bootable flag
       b   edit bsd disklabel
3 Q! i  ?8 b9 V, Y1 f  ^* }6 ^; x       c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
6 |+ j6 H" O' m# O; n       d   delete a partition
       l   list known partition types
1 |5 Q; e' h; D' Z! V/ y* N+ x       m   print this menu
' ?* w% f: [: t" `/ ~9 X       n   add a new partition
! V3 q  k1 X6 q# R( b       o   create a new empty DOS partition table
/ t3 N8 }8 v% Y' O       p   print the partition table
       q   quit without saving changes
  W' j& z, R! H/ W/ ^" _       s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
  }, g8 H0 w( n" M0 H$ C       t   change a partition's system id
: y2 j/ ?+ W1 H! z4 O; X' a       u   change display/entry units
/ }# i2 `  O* l; Q. S7 \# {       v   verify the partition table
! F/ g- Y. ]1 P4 u( _0 y) D       w   write table to disk and exit
       x   extra functionality (experts only)
; w5 a: y+ Y8 m! r: g# h6 b    Command (m for help): n
    Command action
       e   extended
: ^8 M% u- p) p5 h" ^       p   primary partition (1-4)
    p
    Partition number (1-4): 1
    First cylinder (1-8322, default 1):
    Using default value 1
/ m! {5 ?' u+ {0 {5 I( N( t. _    Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-8322, default 8322): 1000G
    Command (m for help): p
    Disk /dev/hda: 4294 MB, 4294967296 bytes
    16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8322 cylinders
- r7 Y. \$ t3 s5 J: e    Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
       Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id  System
    /dev/hda1             1      1000    503968+  83  Linux
; ?) R9 C3 L4 z6 m$ {9 S! H8 @    Command (m for help): w
    The partition table has been altered!
, P$ w! {9 r' Q; S% M! W) V) C    Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    Syncing disks.
    //格式化新分区
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1. mkfs.ext3 /dev/hda1

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mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
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    OS type: Linux
    Block size=1024 (log=0)
, r! V, P- G4 @" F- S, Y) {; h    Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
    126480 inodes, 503968 blocks
    25198 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
    First data block=1
( Q/ t& M- X6 b) g6 x8 F* T    62 block groups
    8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
1 i9 k" l8 m, ~" s- k2 z/ L    2040 inodes per group
) q8 C8 S- C9 |3 E3 ^* P    Superblock backups stored on blocks:
: Y8 j$ _; [( ?) ?0 G7 e5 C& X            8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
" W# v9 D5 T+ ?+ y0 c    Writing inode tables: done                           
    Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
5 n* z8 T. g* P7 u    Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
    This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or
    180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
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1. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    //挂上新分区
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1. mount /dev/hda1 /home
   
2. df -k

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文件系统               1K-块        已用     可用 已用% 挂载点
+ ]& S# e. r: h: T    /dev/sda3              3723848    705992   2828692  20% /
' Q& V  i. n/ J5 \/ H    /dev/sda1               101089      9274     86596  10% /boot
    none                     14520         0     14520   0% /dev/shm
    /dev/hda1               488006      8239    454569   2% /home
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自动挂载：
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1.           vi /etc/fstab
   
2. 
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3.           /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1  ext3     defaults     0 0
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4. 
   
5.           /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2  ext3     defaults     0 0

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手动挂载：
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1.           mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt/ljp1
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2. 
   
3.           mount /dev/sdb6 /mnt/ljp2

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